Social Mobility Essays - Social Inequality, Gender Studies

Social Mobility Meet Sandra, a mother as of late separated from her damaging white collar class spouse. Her past life had been agreeable; she presently lives everyday with her youngsters, filling in as a secretary while going to school courses in her little extra time, all while taking care of her home and family. She at long last winds up achieving her degree, yet can even now secure no position paying higher than her secretarial activity, so she takes on a second activity as a basic food item checkout individual, still scarcely making a decent living for her family. As depicted in Ch. 9 of the Giddens text, this lady had clearly endeavored to endeavor to reestablish her life back to her past pre-separate from white collar class state. She says, You attempt to do the mindful thing, and youre punished, in light of the fact that the framework we have right now doesnt furnish you with an approach to make it. (p. 169) However, she took in the most difficult way possible that class isn't exactly as simp le to rise above in this purported place that is known for fresh new chances. The United States is the most exceptionally separated society of the industrialized world. Class differentiations work in for all intents and purposes each part of our lives, deciding the idea of our work, the nature of our tutoring, and the wellbeing and security of our friends and family. However, astoundingly, we, as a country hold figments about living in the entrepreneur place that is known for fresh chances to succeed, where any regular person can make his million on the off chance that he buckles down enough. The truth of the our circumstance is that the US isn't as open as we might suspect it might be, implying that social portability, or the development between classes, isn't close to as simple as we may accept. This is because of the way that numerous social issues, for example, sexual orientation, racial, and monetary class, fill in as boundaries that impede the way of ones social portability. In spite of our very own endeavors and abilities, versatility in our general pub lic is essentially founded on ones status, and conquering the generalizations that go with ones status makes portability amazingly hard. Before analyzing how portability is stifled inside society, it is essential to see what types exist in our industrialized country. Generally the measure of portability in a general public is a significant marker of its receptiveness. India, for instance, is a shut society, running on a rank framework that directs ones status throughout everyday life and restricts any development between classes. The US has for the most part observed basic versatility, which is headway opportunity made conceivable by an expansion in better-paid occupations to the detriment of lower-wage occupations. Since WWII, there has been a huge increment in lucrative administrative and official situations, just as hands on average workers employments. Inside this basic versatility, there is upper and descending portability that can permit an individual to either rise or fall in monetary class. In any case, numerous different components become possibly the most important factor, making headways very troublesome, a nd class lines profoundly imbedded. In our general public, just as each other industrialized country, versatility depends on the possibility that the poor are the least of the social layers, and that all portability proceeds upwards starting there. Because of this idea, society gains ground for the lower classes especially troublesome, on the grounds that they ensure the status of the individuals who are not poor. Herbert Gans inspects this idea in his piece, The Positive Functions of Poverty. He gives various instances of how the poor see no versatility since they are held down to profit the high societies. Gans likewise sees that the poor really add to the upper portability of the non-poor. Truth be told, many can bring in cash off of the poor for their own social increase by giving them retail, diversion, betting, lodging, and opiates. (Gans, p.25) Due to small training and the generalizations of being unable and lethargic, the poor empower others to acquire the better employments. These generalizations start while still in school, as observed in William Chamblisss piece, Saints and Roughnecks. The Saints were a gathering of high society adolescent young men, similarly as reprobate as their lower class partners, the Roughnecks. Be that as it may, because of specific observation and naming, the Roughnecks were focused as the terrible children who didnt need to make a big deal about themselves, while the Saints were viewed as pioneers of

American Power and Imperialism essays

American Power and Imperialism articles American Imperialism was an hour featured if eagerness and unfaithfulness. Amplified by the United States taking Hawaii and attempting to increase each land for them. The US thought uniquely for themselves and not for the best of the country. They were eager to successfully get what they needed. What's more, The United Stations unquestionably did. In the first place, the United States discovered enthusiasm for Cuba. Because of it being near Florida and Cubas large scale manufacturing of Sugar Cane, the United States realized Cuba could be an incredible resource for them. In any case, an issue at the time was that Spain, whom claimed Cuba, werent having great ties with the United States. War broke out after the U.S.S. Maine detonated. The United States, not realizing who did it, reprimanded Spain for the blast. As that was the main sensible reason the United States can consider. The United States went into war with Spain and effortlessly crushed the Spaniards. Utilizing there force and covetousness, the United States saw something they needed, knew they couldnt have it and utilized there armed force to get what they needed. Second, the United States considered Hawaii to be a decent pickup. Hawaii and the United States were joined to a way where the US gave Hawaii little assurance if Hawaii let them use them as a maritime base and furthermore as a coal station for when the boats should have been refueled. The United States needed Hawaii so they fundamentally strolled into Hawaii and took it over. Realizing that Hawaii has such little military help, and the United States having larger part of there ships in the harbor, the Hawaiians had no other decision at that point to give up to the compelling United States. Hawaii figured they could confide in the United States, however the United States demonstrated their unfaithfulness to Hawaii. Be that as it may, in all actuality, nobody could confide in the United States around then. Third, the Philippines Island was something the United States truly required and needed. The US required a coal station further then Hawaii so they can travel more around the globe... <!

Fromms Character Orientations

Fromm's Character Orientations Theories Personality Psychology Print Fromms Character Orientations By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on January 20, 2020 Dimitri Otis / Getty Images More in Theories Personality Psychology Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology Erich Fromm was a neo-Freudian psychoanalyst who suggested a theory of personality based on two primary needs: the need for freedom and the need for belonging. He suggested that people develop certain personality  styles or strategies in order to deal with the anxiety created by feelings of isolation. Of these character types, he suggested that four of them are unproductive orientations, while one is a productive orientation. Fromm believed that character is something that stems both from our genetic inheritance and from our learning experiences. Some aspects of our character are hereditary. Other aspects stem from what we learn at home, from school, and from society. And of course, there is the interplay between the two influences. Are Personality Traits Caused by Genes or Environment? Fromm also believed that character is something deeply ingrained and difficult to change. However, being aware of our tendencies and being committed to change can help inspire change. The different traits that emerge from each of the five character types have both positive and negative aspects. However, Fromm generally viewed the first four orientations as unproductive. Fromm also believed that people could exhibit the characteristics  of more than one type  and that personalities can be made up of a combination of different orientations. The Receptive Character Type The receptive type is characterized by a need for constant support from others. They tend to be passive, needy, and totally dependent upon others. These people require constant support from family, friends, and others, but they do not reciprocate this support. Receptive types also tend to lack confidence in their own abilities and have a difficult time making their own decisions. Individuals who grow up in households that are overbearing and controlling often tend to have this personality orientation. Why Self-Esteem Is Important for Success The Exploitative Character Type The exploitative type is willing to lie, cheat, and manipulate others in order to get what they need. In order to fulfill their need to belong, they might seek out people who have low self-esteem or lie about loving someone they really dont care about. These types take what they need either through force or deception and exploit other people to meet their own selfish needs. The Hoarding Character Type The hoarding type copes with insecurity by never parting with anything. They often collect a massive amount of possessions and often seem to care more about their material possessions than they do about people. Understanding Hoarding Disorder The Marketing Character Type The marketing type looks at relationships in terms of what they can gain from the exchange. They might focus on marrying someone for money or social status and tend to have shallow and anxious personalities. These types tend to be opportunistic and change their beliefs and values depending on what they think will get them ahead. The Productive Character Type The productive type is a person who takes their negative feelings and channels the energy into productive work. They focus on building loving, nurturing, and meaningful relationships with other people. This applies not only to romantic relationships, but also to other familial relationships, friendships, and social relationships. They are often described as a good spouse, parent, friend, co-worker, and employee. Out of the five character types described by Fromm, the ?productive type is the only healthy approach to dealing with the anxiety that results from the conflict between the need for freedom and the need to belong.

Corporate Social Responsibility - 2500 Words

(Reporter #1; additional input†¦) Corporate Social Responsibility The broadest definition of corporate social responsibility is concerned with what is - or should be - the relationship between global corporations, governments of countries and individual citizens. More locally, the definition is concerned with the relationship between a corporation and the local society in which it resides or operates. Another definition is concerned with the relationship between a corporation and its stakeholders. According to the EU Commission, CSR is a concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with the stakeholders on a voluntary basis. The central tenet of†¦show more content†¦In it, he argued that individuals voluntary gave up certain rights in order for the government of the state to be able to manage for the greater good of all citizens. More recently, the Social Contract has gained a new prominence as it has been used to explain the relationship between a company and society. In this view, the company has obligations towards the other parts of society in return for its place in society. †¢ Stakeholder Theory Stakeholder theory states that all stakeholders must be considered in the decision making process of the organization. There are three reasons why this should happen: 1. It is the morally and ethically correct way to behave. 2. Doing so actually also benefits the shareholders. 3. It reflects what actually happens in an organization. According to this theory, stakeholder management, or corporate social responsibility, is not an end in itself but is simply seen as a means for improving economic performance. †¢ Classical Economic Theory Classical capitalism has been the basic inspiration for business. In this view, a business is socially responsible if it maximizes profits while operating within the law. Today the classical ideology still commands the economic landscape, but ethical theories of broader responsibility have worn down its prominences. †¢Show MoreRelatedCorporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Responsibility773 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate social responsibility may also be referred to as corporate citizenship and can involve spending finances that do not directly benefit the company but rather advocate positive social and environmental change. The soul in the next economy forum presentation made it evident that achieving corporate social responsibly in a company can reap major benefits in terms of finances, more inspiring workplace and customer satisfaction. In the past, companies mistakenly thought that corporate socialRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility1990 Words   |  8 PagesCorporate social responsibility is becoming a key initiative and an essential tool in the growth of multinational corporations and the development of third world countries throughout the globe. The two concepts can work hand in hand to provide benefits for all; however difficulties in regulating and implementing corporate social responsibility need to be overcome before effective changes can be made. Definitions of corporate social responsibility can be somewhat varied depending on the perceptionRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility1904 Words   |  8 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility The different aspects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) have been the topic of considerable debate since the last decades of the twentieth century. Main factor for the increased interest on the part of stakeholders in this topic are the increased public awareness and interest in the corporate social responsibility following the Information Revolution. This essay will assess the dangers and benefits of the business ethics for most of the stakeholders – employeesRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Responsibility2819 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction For the past years, corporate social responsibility also referred, as corporate conscience has been a respected subject for discussion. Corporate social responsibility, unquestionably, contains more viewpoint than simply worried about the ecological impacts of associations. It came in people groups mind at the later 1880, time of essential modern advancement that associations ought to think about the thought of social obligation. Associations that are near to social obligation issues got toRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibilities2100 Words   |  9 PagesSustainability requires monitoring and managing all the person to ensure that our economy and society can continue to exist without destroying the social and natural environment during development. The sustainability includes three pillars, which are economic, social and environment, forming a triple bottom line. The triple bottom line demands that a company s responsibility lies with stakeholder rather than shareholder. The stake holder is a party who can be affected or affect by the action of the company suchRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility15903 Words   |  64 PagesCORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) is a term describing a company’s obligation to be accountable to all of its stakeholder in all its operation and activities. Socially responsible companies consider the full scope of their impact on communities and the environment when making decisions, balancing the needs of stakeholder with their need to make profit. A company’s stakeholders are all those who are influenced by and can influence a company’s decisions and action, both locally and globally. BusinessRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility3253 Words   |  14 PagesLiving Dangerously in Two Worlds In my paper I will be discussing the topics related to corporate social responsibility. Corporate social responsibility (CSR, also called corporate responsibility, corporate citizenship, and responsible business) is a concept whereby organizations consider the interests of society by taking responsibility for the impact of their activities on customers, suppliers, employees, shareholders, communities and other stakeholders, as well as the environment. This obligationRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Responsibility2819 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction For the past years, corporate social responsibility also referred, as corporate conscience has been a respected subject for discussion. Corporate social responsibility, unquestionably, contains more viewpoint than simply worried about the ecological impacts of associations. It came in people groups mind at the later 1880, time of essential modern advancement that associations ought to think about the thought of social obligation. Associations that are near to social obligation issues got toRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Responsibility2818 Words   |  12 PagesFor the past years, corporate social responsibility also referred, as corporate conscience has been a respected subject for discussion. Corporate social responsibility, unquestionably, contains more viewpoint than simply worried about the ecological impacts of associations. It came in people groups mind at the later 1880, time of essential modern advancement that associations ought to think about the thou ght of social obligation. Associations that are near to social obligation issues got to be worryRead MoreCorporate Responsibility And Corporate Social Responsibility Essay1867 Words   |  8 PagesStevan Jakovljevic Professor Laud MGT 3550 Values, Ethics and Sustainability 10/18/16 Chapter 3: Define corporate responsibility (CSR). Describe the benefits. Why do some executives support CSR while others find it troublesome and argue against it? Corporate social responsibility is what a company uses to self-regulate itself and refers to business practices involving initiatives that benefit society. A business’s CSR can encompass a wide variety of tactics, from giving away a portion of a company’s

ESL Presentation Rubric

In-class presentations are a great way to encourage a number of English communicative skills in a realistic task that provides students not only help with their English skills but prepares them in a broader way for future education and work situations. Grading these presentations can be tricky, as there are many elements such as key presentation phrases beyond simple grammar and structure, pronunciation and so on that make a good presentation. This ESL presentation rubric can help you provide valuable feedback to your students and has been created with English learners in mind. Skills included in this rubric include  stress and intonation, appropriate linking language, body language, fluency, as well as standard grammar structures. Rubric Category 4: Exceeds Expectations 3: Meets Expectations 2: Needs Improvement 1: Inadequate Score Understanding of Audience Demonstrates a keen understanding of the target audience, and uses appropriate vocabulary, language, and tone to address the audience. Anticipates probable questions and addresses these during the course of the presentation. Demonstrates a general understanding of audience and uses mostly appropriate vocabulary, language structures, and tone when addressing the audience. Demonstrates a limited understanding of audience, and generally uses simple vocabulary and language to address the audience. Not clear which audience is intended for this presentation. Body Language Excellent physical presence and use of body language to effectively communicate with the audience including eye contact, and gestures to underscore important points during the presentation. Overall satisfactory physical presence and use of body language at times to communicate with the audience, although a certain distance can be noted at times because the speaker is caught up in reading, rather than presenting information. Limited use of physical presence and body language to communicate to the audience including very little eye contact. Little to no use of body language and eye contact to communicate with the audience, with very little care given to physical presence. Pronunciation Pronunciation shows a clear understanding of stress and intonation with few basic errors in pronunciation at the level of individual words. Pronunciation contained some individual word pronunciation errors. Presenter made a strong attempt at using stress and intonation during the course of the presentation. Presenter made numerous individual word pronunciation errors with little attempt at the use of stress and intonation to underline meaning. Numerous pronunciation errors during the course of presentation with no attempt made at the use of stress and intonation. Content Uses clear and purposeful content with ample examples to support ideas presented during the course of the presentation. Uses content which is well structured and relevant, although further examples might improve the overall presentation. Uses content which is generally related to the theme of the presentation, though audience needs to make many of the connections for itself, as well as having to accept presentation on face value due to an overall lack of evidence. Uses content which is confusing and at times seems unrelated to overall presentation theme. Little or no evidence is provided during the course of the presentation. Visual Props Includes visual props such as slides, photos, etc. which are on target and helpful to the audience while not distracting. Includes visual props such as slides, photos, etc. which are on target, but may be slightly confusing of distracting at times. Includes few visual props such as slide, photos, etc. which at times are distracting or seem to have little relevance to the presentation. Uses no visual props such as slides, photos, etc. or props that are poorly linked to presentation. Fluency Presenter is in firm control of the presentation and communicates directly with the audience with little or no direct reading from prepared notes. Presenter is generally communicative with the audience, although he or she finds it necessary to often refer to written notes during the presentation. Presenter sometimes communicates directly with the audience, but is mostly caught up in reading and/or referring to written notes during the presentation. Presenter is entirely tied to notes for presentation with no real contact established with the audience. Grammar and Structure Grammar and sentence structure sound throughout the entire presentation with only a few minor mistakes. Grammar and sentence structure mostly correct, although there are a number of minor grammar mistakes, as well some mistakes in sentence structuring. Grammar and sentence structure lacking coherence with frequent mistakes in grammar, tense use and other factors. Grammar and sentence structure are weak throughout the entire presentation. Linking Language Varied and generous use of linking language used throughout the presentation. Linking language used in the presentation. However, more variation could help improve the overall flow of the presentation. Limited use of very basic linking language applied throughout the presentation. Overall lack of even basic linking language used during the presentation. Interaction with Audience Presenter communicated effectively with audience soliciting questions and providing satisfactory responses. Presenter generally communicated with the audience, though he or she became distracted from time to time and was not always able to provide a coherent answer to questions. Presenter seemed to be slightly distant from the audience and was not able to adequately respond to questions. Presenter seemed to have no connection with the audience and made no attempt to solicit questions from the audience.

The Secret Circle The Power Chapter Ten Free Essays

Cassie stared, beyond speech, beyond thought. Not believing – but inside her, something knew. â€Å"It’s true. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Power Chapter Ten or any similar topic only for you Order Now He’s your father.† Cassie just sat. â€Å"And he wants you to be happy, Cassie. He wants you to be his heir. He’s got a lot planned for you.† â€Å"And what are you?† Cassie cried, outraged, pushed beyond the limits of her endurance. â€Å"My new stepmother?† Faye chuckled – that infuriating, lazy, self-satisfied chuckle. â€Å"Maybe. Why not? I’ve always liked older men – and he’s only about three centuries older.† â€Å"You’re disgusting!† Cassie couldn’t find the right words. None were bad enough, and she didn’t want to believe that any of this was actually happening. â€Å"You’re – you – â€Å" â€Å"I haven’t done anything yet, Cassie. John and I have a – business relationship.† Cassie felt as if she were gagging. For herself, for Faye . . . â€Å"You call him John?† she whispered. â€Å"What do you think I should call him? Mr. Brunswick? Or what he called himself the last time he was here, Mr. Blake?† Everything was spinning around Cassie now. The pale green cinderblock walls were whirling. She wanted to faint. If only she could faint she wouldn’t have to think. But she couldn’t. Slowly, the spinning steadied, she felt the floor solid beneath her. There was no way to escape this. There was no choice but to deal with it. â€Å"Oh, God,† Cassie whispered. â€Å"It’s true. It’s really true.† â€Å"It’s true,† Faye said quietly, with satisfaction. â€Å"Your mother was his girlfriend. He told me the whole story, how she fell in love with him when he went over to Number Twelve to borrow some matches. They never did get married, apparently – but I’m sure he didn’t begrudge her his name.† It was true †¦ and that had been what Cassie’s grandmother was trying to tell her when she died. â€Å"I have one more thing to tell you,† she’d said, and then Laurel had come in. The last words had only been a whisper, â€Å"John† and something else Cassie couldn’t make out. But she could recall the shape of her grandmother’s lips trying to make it. It had been â€Å"Blake.† â€Å"Why didn’t she try to tell me before?† Cassie whispered raggedly, hardly aware she was speaking aloud. â€Å"Why wait until she was dying? Why?† â€Å"Who, your grandma? She didn’t want to upset you, I suppose,† Faye said. â€Å"She probably thought you’d be – disturbed – if you knew. And maybe† – Faye leaned forward – â€Å"she knew it would bring you closer to him. You’re his own flesh and blood, Cassie. His daughter.† Cassie was shaking her head, blind, nauseated. â€Å"The other old women – they must have known too! God, everybody who knew him must have known. And nobody told me. Why didn’t they tell me?† â€Å"Oh, stop sniveling, Cassie. I’m sure they didn’t tell you because they were afraid of how you’d react. And I must say it looks as if they were right. You’re falling apart.† Great-aunt Constance, Cassie was thinking. She must have known. How could she stand to look at me? How can she stand to have my mother in her house? And Mrs. Franklin had been going to tell her, she realized suddenly. Yes. That had been what that last-minute scene in Aunt Constance’s parlor had been all about. Adam’s grandmother had been about to tell, about to say something to Cassie about her father. Granny Quincey and Aunt Constance had stopped her. They were all in a conspiracy of silence, to keep the truth from Cassie. Probably not the parents, Cassie thought slowly, feeling very tired. They probably didn’t remember anyway. They’d made themselves forget everything. But Aunt Constance had warned the Circle against stirring up those old memories, and her gaze had settled on Cassie when she did it. â€Å"Just think about it, Cassie,† Faye was saying, and that husky voice sounded reasonable now, not gloating or triumphant. â€Å"He only wants the best for you; he always has. You were born as part of his plans. I know you and I have had our problems in the past, but John wants us to get along. Won’t you just give it a try? Won’t you, Cassie?† Slowly, painfully, Cassie made her eyes focus. Faye was kneeling in front of her. Faye’s beautiful, sensual face seemed lit softly from within. She really means it, Cassie thought. She’s sincere. Maybe she’s in love with him. And maybe, Cassie mused dizzily, I should think about it. So many things have changed since I came to New Salem – I’m not at all the person I used to be. The old, shy Cassie who never had a boyfriend and never had anything to say is gone. Maybe this is just another change, another stage of life. Maybe I’m at the crossroads. She looked at Faye for a long moment, searching the depths of those amber eyes. Then, slowly, she shook her head. No. Even as she thought it, chill white determination flooded her. That was one road she would never take, no matter what happened. She would never become what Black John – what her father – wanted. Without a word, without looking back, Cassie got up and walked away from Faye. Outside, the melee was still going on. Cassie scanned the front entrance of the school and saw the weak November sun shining on a cascade of fair hair. She headed for it. â€Å"Diana. . .† â€Å"Cassie, thank God! When Nick told us you were alone in his office . . .† Diana’s eyes widened. â€Å"Cassie, what’s wrong?† â€Å"I have to tell you something. At home. Can we go home now?† Cassie was holding on to Diana’s hand. Diana stared at her for another moment, then shook herself. â€Å"Yes. Of course. But Nick will be looking for you. He had the idea that we should start a fight on the first floor as a diversion; just grab a bunch of people and start swinging. All the guys did it, and Deborah and Laurel. They’re all looking for you.† Cassie couldn’t face any of them, especially Nick. Once he knew what she really was – what he’d held in his arms, what he’d kissed †¦ â€Å"Please, can’t you just tell them I’m okay, but I need to go home?† Suzan was standing nearby; Cassie nodded at her. â€Å"Can’t Suzan just tell them?† â€Å"Yes. All right. Suzan, tell everybody I’ve taken Cassie home. They can stop the fight now.† Diana led Cassie down the hill to the parking lot. They had barely reached Diana’s car, though, when Adam appeared, running. â€Å"The fight’s breaking up – and I’m coming with you,† he said. Cassie wanted to argue, but she didn’t have the strength. Besides, Diana might need Adam there when Cassie told her the whole story. Cassie nodded at Adam and he got in the car without further discussion. They drove to Diana’s house and went up to Diana’s room. â€Å"Now tell us what happened before I have a heart attack,† Diana said. But it wasn’t that easy. Cassie went over to the bay window, where sunlight was striking the prisms hanging there so that wedges of rainbow light bobbed and slid over the walls. She turned to look at the black and white prints on either side of the window; Diana’s collection of Greek goddesses. There was proud Hera, queenly with her mane of pitch-black hair and her hooded, untamed eyes; there was Aphrodite, goddess of beauty, with her soft bosom exposed; there was fierce Artemis, the virgin huntress afraid of nothing. And here, on the other side, was Athena, the gray-eyed goddess of wisdom, and Persephone, fresh-faced and elfin and surrounded by blooming flowers. Last of all, in color, was the print of a goddess older than the Greek civilization, the great goddess Diana, who ruled the moon and stars and night. Diana, Queen of Witches. â€Å"Cassie!† â€Å"Sorry,† Cassie whispered, and slowly turned to face her Diana. Who just now looked sick with suspense. â€Å"I’m sorry,† she said, more loudly. â€Å"I just don’t know how to say this, I guess. But I know now why I was born so much later than all of you . . . or, actually, no, I don’t.† She pondered that a moment. â€Å"Not why I was so late. Unless he knew by then the coven was going to try to throw him out, so he thought he’d better have a back-up . . .† Cassie thought it over and shook her head. Adam and Diana were staring at her as if she’d gone crazy. â€Å"I guess I don’t know everything. But I’m not half outsider, like we thought. That isn’t why he’s been after me; it’s a completely different reason. We thought Kori and I spoiled his plans somehow . . . oh, God.† Cassie stopped, feeling a pain like jagged glass shoot through her. Her eyes filled. â€Å"I think – God, it must be. I know why Kori died. Because of me. If she hadn’t died, she would have joined the coven instead of me, and he didn’t want that. She was the one he hadn’t planned on. So he had to get rid of her.† Another spasm of pain almost doubled Cassie over. She was afraid she might be sick. â€Å"Sit down,† Adam was saying urgently. They were both helping her to the bed. â€Å"Don’t. . . you don’t know yet. You might not want to touch me.† â€Å"Cassie, for God’s sake tell us what you’re talking about. You’re not making any sense.† â€Å"Yes, I am. I’m Black John’s daughter.† In that instant, if either of them had loosened their grip on her or recoiled, Cassie felt she might have tried to jump out the window. But Diana’s clear green eyes just widened, the pupils huge and bottomless. Adam’s eyes turned silver. â€Å"Faye told me, and it’s true.† â€Å"It’s not true,† Adam said tightly. â€Å"It’s not true, and I’ll kill her,† Diana said. This, from gentle Diana, was astonishing. They both went on holding Cassie. Diana was holding her from one side and Adam was on the other side, holding both of them, embracing their embrace. Cassie’s shaking shook all three. â€Å"It is true,† Cassie whispered, trying to keep some grip on herself. She had to be calm now; she couldn’t lose control. â€Å"It explains everything. It explains why I dreamed about him – him and the sinking ship. We’re – connected, somehow. It explains why he keeps coming after me, like when we called him up at Halloween, and last night on the beach. He wants me to join him. Faye’s in love with him. Just like my mother was.† Cassie shuddered. Adam and Diana just kept hanging on. to her. Neither of them even flinched when she looked them in the face. â€Å"It explains my mother† Cassie said thickly. â€Å"Why he went to our house that night when he came back, when we let him out of the grave. He went to see her – that’s why she’s like she is now. Oh, Diana, I have to go to her.† â€Å"In a minute,† Diana said, her own voice husky with suppressed tears. â€Å"In a little while.† Cassie was thinking. No wonder her mother had run away from New Salem, no wonder there had always been helpless terror lurking at the back of her mother’s eyes. How could you not be terrified when the man you loved turned out to be something from a nightmare? When you had to go away to have his baby, someplace where no one would ever know? But she’d been brave enough to come back, and to bring Cassie. And now Cassie had to be brave. There’s nothing frightening in the dark if you just face it. Cassie didn’t know how she was going to face this, but she had to, somehow. â€Å"I’m okay now,† she whispered. â€Å"And I want to see my mom.† Diana and Adam were telegraphing things over her head. â€Å"We’re going with you,† Diana said. â€Å"We won’t go in the room if you don’t want, but we’re going to take you there.† Cassie looked at them: at Diana’s eyes, dark as emeralds now, but full of love and understanding; and at Adam, his fine-boned face calm and steady. She squeezed their hands. â€Å"Thank you,† she said. â€Å"Thank you both.† Great-aunt Constance answered the door. She looked surprised to see them and a little flustered, which surprised Cassie in turn. She wouldn’t have thought Melanie’s aunt ever got flustered. But as Cassie was going into the guest room, Granny Quincey and old Mrs. Franklin were coming out. Cassie looked at Laurel’s frail great-grandmother, and at Adam’s plump, untidy grandmother, and then at Aunt Constance. â€Å"We were – trying one or two things to see if we could help your mother,† Aunt Constance said, looking slightly uncomfortable. She coughed. â€Å"Old remedies,† she admitted. â€Å"There may be some good in them. We’ll be in the parlor if you need anything.† She shut the door. Cassie turned to look at the figure lying between Aunt Constance’s starched white sheets. She went and knelt by the bedside. Her mother’s face was as pale as those sheets. Everything about her was white and black: white face, black hair, Hack lashes forming crescents on her cheeks. Cassie took her cold hand and only then realized she didn’t have the first idea what to say. â€Å"Mother?† she said, and then: â€Å"Mom? Can you hear me?† No answer. Not a twitch. â€Å"Mom,† Cassie said with difficulty, â€Å"I know you’re sick, and I know you’re scared, but there’s one thing you don’t have to be scared of anymore. I know the truth. I know about my father.† Cassie waited, and she thought she saw the sheets over her mother’s chest rise and fall a little more quickly. â€Å"I know everything,† she said. â€Å"And †¦ if you’re afraid I’ll be mad at you or anything, you don’t have to be. I understand. I’ve seen what he does to people. I saw what he did to Faye, and she’s stronger than you.† Cassie was holding the cold hand so tightly she was afraid she was hurting it. She paused and swallowed. â€Å"Anyway, I wanted to tell you that I know. And it’ll all be over soon, and I’m going to make sure he doesn’t ever hurt you again. I’m going to stop him somehow. I don’t know how, but I will. I promise, Mom.† She stood up, still holding the soft, limp hand in hers and whispered, â€Å"If you’re just scared, Mom, you can come back now. It’s easier than running away; it is, really. If you face things they’re not as bad.† Cassie waited again. She hadn’t thought she was hoping for anything, but she must have been, because as the seconds ticked by and nothing happened her heart sank in disappointment. Just some little sign, that wasn’t much to ask for, was it? But there was no little sign. For what seemed like the hundredth time that day, warmth filled Cassie’s eyes. â€Å"Okay, Mom,† she whispered, and stooped to kiss her mother’s cheek. As she did, she noticed a thin string of some kind of fiber around her mother’s neck. She pulled, and from the collar of her mother’s nightgown emerged three small golden-brown stones strung on the twine. Cassie tucked the necklace back in, waited one more second, and then left. Can I face it if my mother dies like my grandma? she wondered as she shut the bedroom door. She didn’t think so. But she was beginning to realize that she might have to. In the parlor, Adam and Diana were drinking tea with the women. â€Å"Who put the crystals around my mother’s neck? And what are they?† The old women looked at each other. It was Great-aunt Constance who answered. â€Å"I did,† she said. She cleared her throat. â€Å"They’re tiger’s eyes. For keeping away bad dreams – or so my grandmother always said.† Cassie managed a small smile for her. â€Å"Oh. Thank you.† Maybe Melanie’s affinity for minerals ran in the family. She didn’t bother to tell Aunt Constance what Black John could do to those stones if he tried. â€Å"Bad dreams are a nuisance,† old Mrs. Franklin said as Adam and Diana got up to leave. â€Å"Of course, good dreams are something else again.† Cassie looked at Adam’s grandmother, whose disordered gray hair was coming uncoiled as she happily crunched cookie after cookie. Cassie had never known anybody who liked to eat so much, except Suzan. But there was more to Mrs. Franklin than you’d think at first sight. â€Å"Dreams?† Cassie said. â€Å"Good dreams,† Adam’s grandmother agreed indistinctly. â€Å"For good dreams, you sleep with a moonstone.† Cassie thought about that all the way home. She and Diana had dinner quietly, just the two of them, since Diana’s father was still at his law office. Adam had gone to talk to the rest of the Circle. â€Å"I can’t tell them,† Cassie had said. â€Å"Not tonight – tomorrow, maybe.† â€Å"There’s no reason you should have to,† Adam replied, his voice almost harsh. â€Å"You’ve been through enough. I’ll tell them – and I’ll make them understand. Don’t worry, Cassie. They’ll stick by you.† Cassie couldn’t help but worry. But she put it aside, because she had other things to think about. She’d made a promise to her mother. She lay in bed reading her grandmother’s Book of Shadows. Her book of shadows. She was looking for anything about crystals and dreams. And there it was: To Cause Dreams. Place a moonstone beneath your pillow and all night you will have fair and pleasant dreams which may profit you. She also found a passage about crystals in general. Big crystals were better than little crystals; well, she knew that already. Melanie had said so, and Black John had demonstrated it today beyond question. She put the book down and went to Diana’s desk. There was a white velvet pouch there, lined with sky-blue silk. Diana had long ago given Cassie permission to open it. Cassie took the pouch to the bed and poured the contents out on a folded-over section of the top sheet. The stones formed a kaleidoscopic array against the white background. Blue lace agate – Cassie picked up the triangular piece and rubbed its smoothness across her cheek. She saw light yellow citrine – Deborah’s stone, good for raising energy. And here was cloudy orange carnelian, which Suzan had once used for raising the passions of the entire football team. Here was translucent green jade, which Melanie used for calm thought, and royal purple amethyst – Laurel’s stone, a stone of the heart, Black John had said. There were dozens of others, too: warm amber, light as plastic; dark green bloodstone speckled with red; a wine-colored garnet; the pale green peridot Diana had used to trace the dark energy. Cassie’s fingers sorted through the clinking treasure until she found a moonstone. It was translucent, with a silvery-blue shimmer. She put it on the nightstand by her side of the bed. Diana came in, fresh from her bath, and watched Cassie putting the stones back into the pouch. â€Å"Find anything in your Book of Shadows?† she asked. â€Å"Nothing specific,† Cassie said. She didn’t want to explain what she was doing, even to Diana. Later, if it worked. â€Å"I’m beginning to think my grandmother didn’t mean there was anything specific in the book about Black John,† she added. â€Å"Maybe she just wanted me to be a good witch, a knowledgeable witch. Maybe she’d thought that way I’d be smart enough to beat him.† Diana got in bed and turned off the light. There was no moon; the bay window remained dark. It was peaceful, somehow, with the two of them lying in bed – like a sleepover. It made Cassie think of the old days, when she and Diana had first decided to be adopted sisters. â€Å"We need to find a way to kill him,† she said. A sleepover with a grim and bloodthirsty purpose. Diana was silent for a moment and then said calmly, â€Å"Well, we know two things that can’t kill him – Water and Fire. He drowned the first time when his ship went down, and he burned the second time, when our parents burned the house at Number Thirteen. But he didn’t stay dead either time.† Cassie appreciated the â€Å"our parents.† Her mother hadn’t been trying to burn anybody, she’d bet. â€Å"He said his spirit didn’t need to stay in his body,† she said. â€Å"I think he can make it go different places. Maybe when he died, he just sent his spirit somewhere else.† â€Å"Like into the crystal skull,† Diana said. â€Å"And it stayed there until we brought it and his body together. Yes. But what can we use against him?† â€Å"Earth †¦ or Air,† Cassie mused. â€Å"Though I don’t see how Air could kill anybody.† â€Å"I don’t either. Earth could mean crystals . . . but we don’t have a crystal big enough to use against him.† â€Å"No,† Cassie said. â€Å"It sounds like it’s the Master Tools or nothing. We’ve got to find them.† She could feel Diana nodding in the darkness. â€Å"But how?† Cassie reached over and felt for the moonstone. She put it under her pillow. Maybe it’s not the size, but how you use them, she thought. â€Å"Good night, Diana,† she said, and shut her eyes. How to cite The Secret Circle: The Power Chapter Ten, Essay examples

Art And Nature Nature And Art Essay free essay sample

Art And Nature, Nature And Art Essay, Research Paper Geting Back to Basicss: Art and Nature, Nature and Art, Art and Man In earliest times crude people made contact with the outside universe through the same five senses used by people today. They could hear the sounds of animate beings, see objects, feel the rain on their faces, smell the aroma of wild flowers, and gustatory sensation berries and other nutrients. Crude people besides expressed their feelings through art and dance. The cave pictures in Lascaux, France, which were drawn some 27,000 old ages ago, depicted animate beings of the clip. Make these images show Paleolithic adult male s continuity with nature? It is non known whether these images had a methodical, or a charming or spiritual intent ; nevertheless, they did demo that crude people had both a demand and a endowment for self-expression. In Suzi Gablik s book, Conversations before the End of Time, Gablik touches base with several creative persons analysing the discontinuity between adult male and nature, nature and art, and art and adult male. During interviews with each creative person, philosophical inquiries arise, such as what is art for ( Ellen Dissanayake ) , are worlds truly at the vertex of the pyramid ( Christopher Manes ) , and can mankind survive without modern technological civilisation ( Rachel Dutton and Rob Olds ) ? Linkss between ecology, psychological science, and art are explored, and the consensus among the creative persons states that world demands to alter how we live with the Earth by acquiring back to the rudimentss. What is Art For? A ; Making Art About Centipedes If you were to inquire Ellen Dissanayake what is art for, she would answer that art is doing particular. Dissanayake believes that worlds, since the beginning, have been attracted to objects that were extraordinary or particular, and do particular things to demo that we care and have regard for those things. Most significantly, art is for everyone and non entirely for an elect group of creative persons in the art universe. Upon first reading this article, I agreed with Dissanayake, nevertheless after rereading, I discovered that there was some lip service in what she was stating. Initially, Dissanayake created a solid statement on why art is of import to adult male, why we create art, and to whom art is created. However, when associating this to the importance that adult male must recognize that we can non travel on life in ways that are so mechanical, mercenary and difficult on the environment ( Dissanayake, p.54 ) , Dissanayake separated adult male into a Darwinist position of natu re, and adult male s high quality over it. In my sentiment, this position is the ground adult male is disconnected with nature. Christopher Manes stated during his interview, adult male is non at the vertex of the pyramid ( p. 88 ) . In other words, to believe that we are more of import and better suited to govern and command nature is to believe that nature is non equal to adult male. This discontinuity between nature and adult male is what allows adult male to destruct and rule over nature. Harmonizing to Dissanayake, Humans are alone because we are the lone 1s able to bring forth art, and we do so because we enjoy aesthetically delighting things that we, in bend, make particular. Dissanayake provinces that Paleolithic adult male created art because adult male enjoys beautiful things. Dissanayake besides speaks of the hunter-gatherers as doing art for cosmetic intents and utilizing art for engagement in the societal order. However, Dissanayake has separated adult male from nature, and therefore adult male from art. Paleolithic adult male observed and studied nature, most likely for endurance. Paleolithic adult male presumptively created art for grounds other than aesthetics, they were perchance created as shamanic visions, or runing rites. The truth is, that we can merely speculate the intent of art and why worlds have ever enjoyed art doing. Nonetheless, I must hold with Manes when he stated, if you watch nature it does fundamentally what we do ( p.98 ) . Does that int end that nature can make art excessively? Absolutely. Mak ing Art About Centipedes Doin Dirt Time Cave pictures are non generalized, obscure, formalized portraits-they are elaborate listings. Hunter-gatherers evidently sat down and watched these animate beings for a long clip ( Christopher Manes, 1995, p.104 ) . Daily life as a supplication is that everything is holy. You are holy, everything around you is holy, rinsing a veggie in the sink is holy. This is a quality that has been absolutely lost from modern-day civilized society, which lives apart from nature and sees every thing as dead # 8212 ; except people ( Rachel Dutton, 1992, p. 68 ) . Long before a separate scientific discipline of ecology arose, work forces and adult females in all kinds of businesss were guided by what are now regarded as ecological considerations. The crude huntsman who knew how to acknowledge natural forms and path was a practical ecologist. So excessively was the early fisherman who realized that Seagulls vibrating over the H2O marked the place of a school of fish. In the absence of calendars, work forces used ecological facts to find the seasons and grow harvests. They regarded the noise of geese winging south as a warning to fix for winter. Though in separate interviews with Suzi Gablik, Christopher Manes, Rachel Dutton, and Rob Olds, all convey the message that we must return back to our low and simple beginnings. Each agree that we must reconnect with nature, come to the realisation that nature is art, and that everything within nature deserves the same equality as all animals, including adult male ( Christopher Manes, p. 86 ) . Unlike Dissanayake, who focuses on adult male s utilizations of art in our society, Manes, Dutton, and Olds, topographic point accent on nature s natural beauty and how everything within nature creates art in its ain manner and does so with balance without doing lay waste toing ecological harm. Harmonizing to Dutton, and Olds, increases in human stuff ownerships have been accompanied by a potentially unsafe deterioration of the natural environment. By giving up their material ownerships, Dutton and Olds, have gone back to the rudimentss and reassess the intent of life and art. Taking a measure back has allowed them to see our civilised society in a new position, connect with nature, and unrecorded art instead than seeking to make it. Manes shows us that people can non see nature as separate and detached. Any alterations made in the environment affect all the beings in it. When vehicles and mills hurl pollutants into the air, animate beings and workss every bit good as worlds are harmed. Each life signifier on Earth has attributes that can be regarded as superior and alone. Manes artwork focal points on seeing life as a centipede does, they, like us, Hunt, mate, slumber, eat, calculate, and sit about and look at things # 8230 ; merely like we do. Throughout the universe man-made communities have been replacing the communities of nature. However, the rules that govern the life of natural communities must be observed if these semisynthetic communities are to thrive. Though personally I do non believe that my graphics is viing with nature, I do believe that my work is to be enjoyed, merely as I am suppose to bask nature. Unlike Dutton and Olds, I do non believe we should needfully halt doing art ; merely as nature creates art, we excessively create art, nevertheless, I do believe that we need to esteem nature, and like Manes, we need to admit nature s gifts and accomplishments. Peoples must believe less about suppressing nature and more about acquisition to work with nature. In add-on, we must recognize our mutuality with nature. To safeguard life on Earth, people must larn to halt seeking to command and over power nature, instead, admit its part to society, art, and the environment. In an age when engineering, capitalist economy, and geting material ownerships is our primary focal point for life, mankind must reassess our intent and get down acquiring back to rudimentss.

The Initial Temperature Shock free essay sample

The water appeared crystalline and ice-cold the first time I readied myself to jump off the high dive. I knew I wouldn’t die, yet an intangible force restrained me until I closed my eyes, bent my knees, propelled myself off the board, and cut through the surface. The no man’s land between the board and the water was behind me. In middle school, I was the girl who walked through the halls with her eyes facing the floor, who hesitated to speak in class out of fear of being noticed. I once believed myself unlikely to join a club, let alone lead one, and couldn’t imagine speaking on stage or introducing myself to a stranger. I’ve come a long way since then, and my motto is, If you think you cant do something, prove yourself wrong. Ever since I realized the most challenging experiences can also be the most worthwhile, I have set out to prove I can do what I once believed myself incapable of accomplishing. We will write a custom essay sample on The Initial Temperature Shock or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Each ice-cold pool is an experience I now embrace. The path of my journey toward finding my voice was paved with printer paper. When I joined my school newspaper in 10th grade, I learned that investigating my school’s goings-on required me to be inquisitive, outgoing, and constantly aware of my surroundings. I discovered an entirely new dimension of Friends Academy. Who would have known that my teachers had such unique views on the environment, or that the school psychologist had so much insight into the social scene? I did more investigating this summer, when my print and photojournalism classes required me to approach and interview people—often complete strangers—whom I would not have otherwise gotten to know. I even spent an hour one day in a shoe store, documenting a salesman’s life through photography. Throughout these experiences, I learned not only about the topics of my articles, but also that, if I opened my eyes just a little wider, countless perspective-altering interactions awaited me. This confidence has led me to openly question what I learn in class as well. The curious toddler in me lives on, but she now has a voice. My favorite question is â€Å"Why?† because it has the power to get to the essence, the true meaning, and the origin of everything. I have known for some time that you can’t divide by zero, that metals lose electrons, and that the ancient Greeks founded democracy, but why? When I discover the answer, it’s almost never what I expected. Each answer opens a new door leading to a room of â€Å"whys† and â€Å"why nots,† and then another, and another, until I am several doors closer in my life-long expedition toward truth. Now, â€Å"why† is my guide as I constantly dive into new explorations and adventures. Why don’t we â€Å"be the change we want to see in the world,† and how can we? Why is passive resistance more effective than violence? Why are there so few women in politics? These kinds of questions have compelled me to donate blood, try out for school plays, enter artwork in exhibitions, travel to South America, and read original poems for audiences. Each â€Å"interview† with life brings me closer to understanding the answers to my questions. I know that the greatest treasures lie at the bottom of the deep end, and that life’s most fulfilling moments take place out of my comfort zone, off the diving board, and only because of each gigantic leap of faith. My next leap will be college, and I feel excited and extremely well prepared to dive off, cut through that no man’s land, and triumph over the initial temperature shock.

Contemporary Political Action †Political Science Research Paper

Contemporary Political Action – Political Science Research Paper Free Online Research Papers Contemporary Political Action Political Science Research Paper This project presents the research proposal â€Å"Mediactivism and the carnivalization of protest in contemporary political action†. By this, I intend to draw a panorama of recent political activism in various parts of the world, highlighting some vertentes of this activist wave in which we can see the choice for dramatized, spectacular, carnivalized or â€Å"fun† political manifestations. Drawing from this panorama, we can start an analysis of the groups who practice this particular form of protest and what leads them to do that. Hypothetically, media comes as an important factor for these new types of protest manifestations. Contemporary activism seems to be strongly media-directed: groups prepare media manuals (inserir nota sobre media manuals que eu conheà §o), organize to record, edit and divulge manifestations videos, e assumem configuraà §Ãƒ µes which subvert marketing, propaganda and public relations techniques for their cause. As it is put by Luca Casarini, spokesman for the Italian group Tute Bianche, We know what we need to make people talk about us () We use the winning languages, the ones that reach people. Hollywood doesn’t win by chance. This is the communications society. We can’t ignore the codes. (PEDEMONTE, 2001: 12-13) (nota de rodapà ©: adapted from the portuguese version) Proceeding on the hypothesis, pranksterism comes as part of this media-centered activist culture. The laugh, the subversion, the debauchery, the prank – they all come, hypothetically, as adaptations of one of the fundamental logics of media: diversion. To draw the attention of viewers, media must constantly afastar-se do cotidiano, do corriqueiro, from the usual business of everyday life. This is not to say that the point of media is to entertain, but to create new, and more dramatized, ambiences to represent the world. The political prank is fundamentally a rupture with all convictions about political action. It goes against seriousness, it goes against violence (not only physical violence, but the violence contained as well in speeches, in acts of discourse), it goes against the preconceived notions about the â€Å"revolucionrio† who hides his face, carries guns and confronts the police with molotovs or rocks. Media may have a part in this too: as well as it serves as a watchdog of state repression, it would go against the violence in activist manifestations. (falar sobre atenà §o que o novo ativismo recebe) John Downing (2002), Michael Hardt e Antonio Negri (2001), John Holloway (2003), Harry Cleaver (1997, 1998), Slavoj Zizek (2003), Antonio Albino Canelas Rubim (1997, 2001, 2001b), Maria da Glà ³ria Gohn (2002, 2003) e Nicolau Sevcenko (2001, 2002), Naomi Klein Sem Logo (1999) e Cercas e Janelas (2003) George Monbiot (2004), Paul Kingsnorth (2003) e Josà © Chrispiniano (2002), Christophe Aguiton (2002), Kalle Lasn (2000), Josà © Bovà © (2001) Campanhas publicitrias Jogos (State of Emergency) Mà ºsica (Rage Against the Machine, System of a Down, Atari Teenage Riot) Ficà §o (Cosmà ³polis, The Dreamers) Documentrios (Michael Moore, The Corporation, The Take, The Weather Underground, The Fog of War) This making of a new world is a serious business. If we can’t laugh, the world we make will be square, and we won’t be able to turn it. (Subcomandante Marcos, quoted by KINGSNORTH: 2003: 28) como um radicalismo revigorado , â€Å"o maior movimento global da histà ³ria† (MONBIOT, 2004: 20), â€Å"novas, efetivas e urgentes condià §Ãƒ µes de luta pela democracia† (SEVCENKO, 2002: 12) e â€Å"a emergà ªncia de uma rebelio global sem precedentes† (NOTES FROM NOWHERE, 2003: 14). It’s not a revolution in the sense that the twentieth century has taught us to understand the word: not a massing of red flags this time, not a determination to seize the state, not a gathering of Peoples’ Parties with blueprints for a new Utopia. (KINGSNORTH, 2004: online) I know so many different techniques that make it look like the whole ad was reprinted with its new message, as opposed to somebody coming at it with a spray-paint can. (†¦) The technology allows us to use Madison Avenue aesthetics agains itself. That is the most important aspect of this new wave of people using the guerilla tactic, because that’s what the MTV generation has become accostumed to – everything’s flashy, everything’s bright and clean. If you spend time to make it cleaner it will not be dismissed.† (KLEIN, 1999: 285-286) It’s mostly nuts and bolts of media for activists: how to write a good press release; how to flack your story; how to identify and develop friendly media ties. But the most important thing we teach is how to distill very complex campaign themes into very simple messages, that can pass through the filter of corporate-controlled media and still make it out the other side into the homes of the American or global public, in a form that you would still consider effective – and can begin to create the political will we need to turn these things around. (SELLERS, 2001: 75) (Journalists love fun stories, just like everyone else. The more fun the story, the more likely it is to get covered.) (RTMARK poster) (colocar naquela apresentaà §o inicial menà §Ãƒ µes ao bloco medieval e ao trabalho com o cachimbo do cara da Dinamarca) This outline is only a pre-presentation of my research problem. It was prepaired only as a solicitation for making appointments with members of the research staff. I have no intention of applying to the course for this year, and possibly not for 2006 as well, as I am still finishing my MA in Communications Science. When I have real intention of applying to the course, I will surely prepare a much better and aprofundada research proposal. BIBLIOGRAPHY AGUITON, Christophe. O Mundo nos Pertence. So Paulo: Viramundo, 2002. European edition: Le monde nous appartient : Porto Alegre, Florence, Evian : les acteurs dune autre mondialisation. 1018, 2003. ANTOUN, Henrique. â€Å"Jornalismo e Ativismo na Hipermà ­dia†, in Revista da FAMECOS no. 16, pp. 135-147. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, december 2001 (a). ANTOUN, Henrique. â€Å"A Multido e o Futuro da Democracia na Cibercultura†, in FRANÇA, Vera, WEBER, Maria Helena, PAIVA, Raquel e SOVIK, Liv (orgs.). Livro do XI COMPÓS. Porto Alegre: Sulina, 2001 (b). ANTOUN, Henrique. â€Å"O Poder da Comunicaà §o e o Jogo das Parcerias na Cibercultura†. Paper presented at the XII Compà ³s, GT Tecnologias Informacionais de Comunicaà §o e Sociedade, june 2004. ARQUILLA, John e RONFELDT, David. The Advent of Netwar. RAND: 1996. Available at rand.org/publications/MR/MR789/ (access at 20/7/2004). ARQUILLA, John e RONFELDT, David. In Athenas Camp: Preparing for Conflict in the Information Age. RAND: 1997. Available at rand.org/publications/MR/MR880/ (access at 20/7/2004). ARQUILLA, John, RONFELDT, David, FULLER, Graham e FULLER, Melissa. The Zapatista â€Å"Social Netwar† in Mexico. RAND: 1998. Available at rand.org/publications/MR/MR994/ (access at 20/7/2004). ARQUILLA, John e RONFELDT, David. The Emergence of Noopolitik. RAND: 1999. Available at rand.org/publications/MR/MR1033/ (access at 20/7/2004). ARQUILLA, John e RONFELDT, David. Swarming and the Future of Conflict. RAND: 2000. Available at rand.org/publications/DB/DB311/ (access at 20/7/2004). ARQUILLA, John e RONFELDT, David. Networks and Netwars: the future of terror, crime and militancy. RAND: 2001. Available at rand.org/publications/MR/MR1382/ (access at 20/7/2004). ARQUILLA, John e RONFELDT, David. â€Å"Networks, Netwars and the Fight for the Future†, 2001 (b). Available at firstmonday.dk/issues/issue6_10/ronfeldt/ (access at 14 de maio de 2004) ASSIS, Érico Gonà §alves de. Adbusters e o Movimento de Contestaà §o do Consumismo, in Ecos Revista v.6, n.2, p.117 138. Pelotas: EDUCAT, 2002. ASSIS, Érico Gonà §alves de. â€Å"O Novo Protesto: Tticas de Manifestaà §o Midiatizadas em Movimentos Sociais†. Paper presented at the IV Encontro de Nà ºcleo de Pesquisas da Intercom / Nà ºcleo de Comunicaà §o para Cidadania (2004). Available at pontomidia.com.br/erico/rodape/ericoassis taticas de manifestacao midiatizadas.pdf (access at 14/10/2004). BEY, Hakim. TAZ – Zona Autà ´noma Temporria. So Paulo: Conrad, 2001. UK edition: T.A.Z.: The Temporary Autonomous Zone. Autonomedia, 2004. BIOTIC BAKING BRIGADE. Pie any means necessary. Oakland: AK Press, 2004. BLISSETT, Luther. Guerrilha Psà ­quica. So Paulo: Conrad, 2001. BOVÉ, Josà ©. O Mundo no à © uma Mercadoria: Camponeses contra a Comida Ruim. So Paulo: UNESP, 2001. UK edition: The world is not for sale: farmers against junkfood. Verso, 2002. CASTELLS, Manuel. A Era da Informaà §o: o Poder da Identidade. So Paulo: Paz e Terra, 1997. UK edition: The Power of Identity: the information age – economy, society and culture: vol 2. Blackwell, 2003. CHRISPINIANO, Josà ©. A Guerrilha Surreal. So Paulo: Conrad, 2002. CLEAVER, Harry. â€Å"Cyberspace and the End of Foreign Policy†. Available at http://flag.blackened.net/revolt/mexico/comment/cleaver_zap_effect_dec97.html, published in 1997 (access at 17/05/2004). CROSSLEY, Nick. â€Å"Even Newer Social Movements? Anti-corporate protests, capitalist crises and the remoralization of society†, in Organization, volume 10 (2): pp. 287-305, 2003. DE ARMOND, Paul. â€Å"Black Flag over Seattle†, in The Albion Monitor, published 29/2/2000. Available at monitor.net/monitor/seattlewto/index.html (access at 20/7/2004). DEBORD, Guy. A Sociedade do Espetculo. Rio de Janeiro: Contraponto, 1997. UK edition: Society of the Spectacle. Rebel Press, 2002. DERY, Mark. Culture Jamming: Hacking, Slashing and Sniping in the Empire of Signs. Westfield: Open Magazine Pamphlet Series, 1993. Available at levity.com/markdery/culturjam.html (access at 14/10/2004) DOWNING, John D.H. Mà ­dia Radical. So Paulo: editora Senac, 2002. UK edition: Radical Media: Rebellious Communications and Social Movements. Sage, 2000. ECO, Umberto. â€Å"Guerrilha Semiolà ³gica†, in Viagem na Irrealidade Cotidiana. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 1984. UK edition: Travels in Hyper Reality. Harcourt, 1990. GIDDENS, Anthony. Para alà ©m da esquerda a da direita: o futuro da polà ­tica radical. So Paulo: editora da UNESP, 1996. UK edition: Beyond Left and Right: the future of radica politics. Polity, 1994. HARVEST COMMUNICATIONS. FWD: This made me laugh. Available at brandchannel.com/images/papers/FWD.pdf (access em 03/4/2003). Published 2002. KINGSNORTH, Paul. One No, Many Yeses: a journey to the heart of the global resistance movement. London: Simon Schuster UK/Free Press, 2003. KINGSNORTH, Paul. â€Å"The new face of revolution†, in Adbusters 55, sept-oct/2004 (Available at adbusters.org/magazine/55/articles/faceofrevolution.html, access at 24/3/2005). KLEIN, Naomi. No Logo: Taking Aim at the Brand Bullies. New York: Picador, 1999. KLEIN, Naomi. Cercas e Janelas: na Linha de Frente do Debate sobre Globalizaà §o. 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Flamingo: 2003. NOTES FROM NOWHERE (eds.). We are everywhere: the irresistible rise of global anticapitalism. London: Verso, 2003. ORTELLADO, Pablo e RYOKI, Andrà ©. Estamos Vencendo! Resistà ªncia global no Brasil. So Paulo: Conrad, 2004. RHEINGOLD, Howard. Smart Mobs: the Next Social Revolution. Final manuscript draft: april, 2002. RODRIGUES, Adriano Duarte. Estratà ©gias da Comunicaà §o. Lisboa: Presenà §a Editorial, 1997. SELLERS, John. â€Å"Raising a Ruckus†, in New Left Review no. 10, pp. 71-85. London: New Left Review, julho-agosto de 2001. SEVCENKO, Nicolau. A Corrida para o Sà ©culo XXI. So Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2001. SEVCENKO, Nicolau. â€Å"A primavera que no quer acabar†, in CHRISPINIANO, Josà ©. A Guerrilha Surreal. So Paulo: Conrad, 2002. STARHAWK. â€Å"Como bloqueamos a OMC†, in Lugar Comum no. 11, pp. 9-14. Rio de Janeiro: Editora da UFRJ, 2000. THOREAU, Henry David. A Desobedià ªncia Civil. Porto Alegre: LPM, 2002. UK edition: Civil Disobedience. Dover: 1993. 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Foreign direct investment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Foreign direct investment - Research Paper Example Lastly, the paper winds down with a thorough discussion of the political and economic reasons that inform governments’ need to intervene in the international trade. Foreign Direct Investment In every economy, the government of any given country defines the benchmark of political, social and economic leadership of that particular country. Government strategizes and sets legal mechanisms intended to drive the given country into ultimate prosperity. Economy is one of the most essential tools used by potential political contestants and prevailing governments to maintain and construct leadership by use of their individual economic policies. The direction of economic policies chosen by a government determines the nature of foreign relationships enjoyed with other nations to be affected by the set policies. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is one aspect of the economy that is capable of dictating the foreign relationship to be enjoyed between or among partnering nations. Foreign Direc t Investment occurs when a given business institution from a given country opens or transfers its operations to another foreign country (Kuepper, 2012). The main advantages of FDI are creation of new job opportunities for the host or receiving economy, and increase in tax margins received by the host government. FDI carries with it integrated technology and technical experts to the host country, which is usually in the class of developing countries. Despite its advantages, FDI being a form of investment from another country, tend to create a lot of discomfort on the recipient economy if not regulated. Kuepper (2012) indicates that one of the fears necessitate government’s intervention revolves around the fate of the domestic industries in the face of foreign direct investment. It is a normal practice in business that for any new entrant to survive in the foreign market, it has to offer its goods and services at relatively lower prices than the existing firms. The new entrant may also have to enhance the quality of its products and services to compete the existing ones to an extent of leading to closure of the local firms. These possible practices pose significant threats to the domestic firms, which justifies the role of government to set sustainable policies to foresee equitable sharing of the market and raw materials to the benefit of the entire economy. Technology, trademarks and patent rights are of great essential to the operation of any world class or highly innovative firm. Foreign firms lobbying for FDI may prove risky when it comes to technological leaks, breach of patent rights and misuse of established trademarks. To cushion the domestic firms from the negative effects of FDI, government’s involvement in the FDI will play a great role as it will help in protecting and defending the local firms. In addition, FDI are known by many governments as among the strategies to raise national income and government’s revenues. Governmentâ⠂¬â„¢s intervention is of great importance as it helps in the computation and determination of tax margins to impose on the arriving firms. It is noteworthy that every country has certain unique economic policies enforced on the local business institutions and organizations. Businesses investing in other foreign countries are likely to carry with them operational laws used in the original country. Some

Accounting & Finance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Accounting & Finance - Research Paper Example Question 2 The following is a list of the assets and liabilities of a firm at a particular date. Â £ Premises owned by the firm 20,000 Money owed by the firm to its creditors 3,000 Stock owned by the firm 8,500 Loan received by the firm from a bank 100 The firm's capital at that date is: A. Â £25,400 B. Â £25,600 C. Â £31,400 D. Â £31,600 ... Lists all of the entries in its double-entry accounting records. Is a list of all of the balances brought down in its double-entry accounting records. Question 9 If a sole trader's capital at the beginning of a year was 100,000 and his net profit for the year was 20,000, his capital at the end of the year...... Question 9 answers Cannot be determined from the information given. was 80,000 Was 100,000 Was 120,000 Question 10 A balance sheet is....... Question 10 answers A ledger account, proving that the accounting records 'balance'. A statement showing the market value of firm. A listing, in a particular format, of the balances brought down remaining in the double-entry accounts after the profit and loss account has been prepared. A statement showing the market value of assets and liabilites. Question 11 The following information relates to a sole trader. Total of all assets at 1 June 2,300 Total of all liabilities at 1 June 2,500 Net profit earned during June 1,000 Drawings during June 700 Capital introduced during June 5,000 The sole trader's capital at 30 June was: Question 11 answers 5,100 5,300 5,500 5,600 Question 12 The correct heading for the balance sheet of J. Burton at the end of December 2006 is 'Balance sheet of J. Burton........ Question 12 answers for the period ended 31 December 2006 for the year ended 31 December 2006 as at 31 December 2006 as at 31 December 2005 Question 13 Which

English Tort Law Imposing Liability Law Essay

English Tort Law Imposing Liability Law Essay This essay will address the question by exploring cases dealing with occupiers liability, vicarious liability and psychiatric harm. I intend to focus on narrow aspects within these three areas of law allowing a deep critical analysis. Occupiers liability, in my opinion, is an area of law that imposes too much liability in cases involving trespassers. I dont doubt that there must be liability for the homeowner who invites someone onto their land and fails to provide a safe environment which is seen in statute such as the Occupiers Liability Act 1957, duty to take such care as in all the circumstancesto see that the visitor will be reasonably safe in using the premises.  [1]  However, tort law insists that an occupier can be held liable for personal injury suffered by trespassers because of the state of the land and this is where I believe the Occupiers Liability Act 1984  [2]  takes the principle of the 1957 Act and stretches it too far. My first critique of this aspect of to rt law is the conflict it has with criminal law. It seems incoherent that in a criminal court a home owner whose land has been trespassed on, perhaps by a burglar, will be considered the victim and duly have the sympathy of the court and yet be cast in the role of villain in a civil court. Leon Green describes how an occupier will, insist[ing] upon the intruders own wrong andinvoke[ing] his own immunity from any duty to exercise active care in behalf of a trespasser.  [3]  He then goes on to say, Assuming the intruder to be a wrongdoer, the landowners position would seem unassailable.  [4]  This journal dates back to 1917 before statute had imposed occupiers liability but the sentiment holds true. Why should the victim be held accountable for the criminals injuries in cases where there has been no active action on the part of the occupier? The negligent state of the land and arising liability should, in my opinion, be limited to lawful visitors and trespassing children, who cannot be held to the same standard as adults, if only for policy reasons. A clear message needs to be sent to unlawful visitors; crime does not pay. Why recompense them in any way from an illegal venture? Not only does it not dissuade criminal behaviour it is also wholly unfair to impose this liability on a home owner. Additionally, I would argue that when comparing occupiers liability to other areas of tort law, such as pure economic loss, it becomes clear that comparatively occupiers liability allows too much liability. The case of Weller Co.  [5]  established that a person cannot claim for pure financial loss if that loss is unaccompanied by physical damage. It seems reprehensible that innocent victims of negligence cannot claim damages from those whose, shoulders are broad enough to bear the loss,  [6]  and yet homeowners can be held liable for the injuries of trespassers. Tort law insists that innocent victims of pure economic loss must accept the financial loss as bad luck. Why is this principle not extended to trespassers? Those who trespass on land with the intent to commit a crime cannot claim to be innocent of the misfortune that may befall them. This awareness combined with the illegality of the act is enough in my opinion to put any injury that befalls a trespasser down to bad luck with, in my opinion, no liability to the homeowner. If tort law will not help the innocent it seems foolish that it is so willing to help the guilty and this yet another reason why I believe tort law imposes too much liability. Furthermore, I believe there is too much tortuous liability for occupiers in this area of the law and this can be seen in the conflict with the absolutist nature of property law. This view is seen in Semaynes case: The house of everyone is to him as his castle and fortress.  [7]  This principle has always come with certain restriction as English property law has never recognised total dominion over land. The 1957 and 1984 Occupiers liability acts impose a safe standard of maintenance of property. However, I put forth the argument that a landowner who has paid for the privilege of a property right should not be compelled by the law to prevent trespassers being injured. Property law does not enforce positive covenants as they are considered an erroneous duty, why then, should the occupier, who is doing nothing, bestir himself to look out for the safety of those who come upon his premises? Why should they not look out for themselves, as they would do anywhere else, except as to negl igence of those pursuing an active course of conduct.  [8]  I believe this burden should be alleviated and that occupiers should be allowed to spend their money, not on lawsuits, but on their property. Surely that is the prima facie benefit of owning land? Insisting that occupiers are liable for trespassers does not sit well with the absolutist history of English property law as it presupposes that money be spent in a certain way to prevent injury. I do not believe tort law should add further restrictions to property that is already subject to the laws of planning permission, restrictive covenants, nuisance etc. I believe tort law imposes too much liability and needs to strike a better balance with occupiers property rights. Another area of tort law where there is too much liability, in my opinion, is vicarious liability for employers. I am not challenging the belief that employers should be liable for their employers, to an extent, however I do believe greater limitations need to be put in place as employer liability is far too expansive. The law currently insists that employers are liable for any tortuous act committed by their employees as long as the act is within the scope of employment. Even in cases where the employer has done his utmost to prevent any negligent behaviour from his employee the law still holds him accountable such as in the case of Whatman v. Pearson.  [9]  Vicarious liability is an important aspect of tort law, as employer insurance means the claimant has a higher chance of being paid damages. However I struggle to accept an area of the law that so transparently undermines the crucial principle of causation. The law has had trouble establishing what employers should be liable for and I believe to make liability just and fair, vicarious liability should only apply in cases where the employer had some measure of control over the actions of the employee for example, authorising the act. Acts that involve the work environment but are actually entirely removed from the employers scope of awareness, for example the fraudulent dealings of the defendants in Lloyd v. Grace, Smith Co.  [10]  , would therefore fall outside the employers scope of liability. This would allow for fairness for the employer, something which I believe has been disregarded in the development of vicarious liability, because as it is the law imposes too much liability in this area. Moreover, I believe that tort law imposes too much liability in placing the burden of liability on the employer as this reduces the employees accountability for his actions. The practice of indemnity is in place but prima facie, vicarious liability effectively negates an employees legal culpability as despite sharing liability damages are most likely to come from the employers insurance. Legal theory has taught us that laws play their part in shaping social dynamics and surely what is needed to improve society are laws that ensure people are held responsible for their actions. The practice of vicarious liability, though coherent regarding policy reasons does not deal with the human reality of being legally and socially culpable for ones actions. It seems to me that vicarious liability is yet another area of the law that supports the notion of passing the buck and the way to reduce acts of negligence is to hold the actual tortfeasors, the employees, financially responsible. Take the J apanese model of employer liability as described by Joseph Sanders and Lee Hamilton, Japanese law stresses individual responsibility for corporate crime and rarely holds the organization responsible.  [11]  As long as employees are aware that any tort of negligence they commit during the course of employment will be recoverable from the employer they will never be inclined to be diligent to the best of their ability. It is for this reason I believe that tort law imposes too much liability on employers. I believe the area of psychiatric injury is one area of tort law where there is far too little liability. For a claim regarding psychiatric injury to be actionable the claimant must have either been a primary victim who was a foreseeable victim of psychiatric or physical injury or a secondary victim who meets various criteria. These criteria are laid down in Alcock v. Chief Constable of South Yorkshire  [12]  and are that there is a loving bond with the claimaint and the primary victim, proximity to the accident and that the psychiatric injury occurred as a result of seeing or hearing the accident with eyes and ears. Secondary victims have to jump through hoops to prove they deserve recompense for a psychiatric injury and this seems to suggest that the judicial system does not hold psychiatric injury in the same regard as physical injury. The law commission states, although psychiatric illness is often more debilitating than physical injury, the message conveyed by the prevailing rules is that mental and emotional wellbeing are of less account than physical integrity.  [13]  Perhaps the recalcitrance of the tort system to consider psychiatric injury as equal to physical injury, and therefore increase liability, is because of the residual stigma associated with psychiatric injury as well as the fear of floodgate liability. Whatever the reason, a system that differentiates between the two forms of injury is in my opinion a flawed system as both are forms of injury that should be dealt with uniformly. Lord Lloyd remarks that, there is no justification for regarding physical and psychiatric injury as different kinds of injury,  [14]  and yet the liability for both forms of injury is still imbalanced. Furthermore, why should different rules apply to primary and secondary victims? Should forseeability, causation, establishment of harm etc not be the core principles in establishing liability? As H. Teff states, in distinguishing between primary and secondary victims tort law, allows artificial criteria to displace the more natural question: should the defendant be liable to the plaintiff in all the circumstances?  [15]  I believe tort law offers too little liability by erecting false barriers that prevent victims from attaining damages. Cases such as Alcock  [16]  and White and Others v. Chief Constable of South Yorkshire  [17]  are evidence of the unfair system at work. Both cases involve innocent victims who were denied damages as liability was not imposed because crude, superficial criteria were not meant. As long as the harm to the victim was caused by the defendant and the damage to the victim was foreseeable then I do not believe there should be any differentiation between primary and secondary victims. The flaws of tort laws attempt to make a distinction between between primary and secondary victims is summed up by H. Teff who states, Instead of discriminating against foreseeable secondary victims, the law should reflect the fact that, often, the altruistic source of their reactions makes them at least as deserving as many primary victim Until the current legal system looks to a new and fairer model of liability regarding psychiatric injury the liability imposed will never be enough. Another fault with the tort system in how it deals with psychiatric injury is that the limits imposed for liability are too restrictive and the reasons behind the restrictions not particularly persuasive. The law refuses to relax the criteria for liability with no real explanation as to why bar a fear that laxer criteria will open up the floodgates of litigation. However H. Teff, referencing B.F. Hoffman  [18]  and the Law Commission, Consultation Paper  [19]  , explains why he does not think this is a real cause for concern, The enduring, if diminished, stigma associated with psychiatric illness inhibits many would-be claimants, and the risk of exposure through increasingly refined techniques of psychological assessment has reduced the risk of undeserving claimants succeeding on the strength of loose medical definition.  [20]  So if one accepts that the floodgate argument, for imposing such rigid criteria before there can be criteria, is unsound then one must also accept that the current law imposes too little liability as a result. Furthermore, many of the criteria regarding psychiatric injury are archaic and arbitrary. For example, Mullany noted that, The psychiatric literature does not allow the assertion that the impact of trauma is inevitably more severe if directly perceived  [21]  and yet tort law has stubbornly held onto the criteria that the event causing injury must be perceived with the senses, refusing to allow development and change in line with new understandings of psychiatric illness. Cane argues, how can we justify a rule which requires mentally traumatized people to go to court and prove that they have strong feelings of love and affection towards another?  [22]  The old attitudes to psychiatric harm are no longer justifiable and so a criterion that is insensitive to the needs of those suffering injury must be criticized and adjusted. The criterion that the event causing psychiatric harm must be sudden  [23]  again seems arbitrary, a rule designed for no other purpose but too limit liability. Harvey Teff argues, The laws current stance effectively penalises those whose illness involves a more prolonged reaction to an event or events closely connected with the defendants negligent conduct.  [24]  These are but a few of the criteria imposed before there can be liability and I believe they serve to show that as Harvey Teff states, the current rules are, At odds with psychological reality, amount(ing) to no more than unprincipled line-drawing.  [25]   I have attempted to give both sides of the question equal attention and in doing so this has led to me to the conclusion that one cannot say tort law as a whole imposes too much or too little liability. I believe that psychiatric injury is too restricted in its liability and vicarious and occupiers liability are too expansive. In these areas I believe reform would be welcome however one must recognise that no legal system is perfect and the tort system could be far worse.

Pet Peeve

Food! Oh my god I love food, and you can kind of tell. There so many different kinds. I enjoy the great satisfaction when I’m full. The only thing I don’t really like about food is seeing it in people’s mouths or hearing them chewing on their food. This is probably one of the things that irks me the most. If you want to make me leave a room, I have just clued you into a very simple way it can be done. Once I was at the theaters with my sister and two brothers going to see the movie Battle of Los Angeles. My sister asks if I can go get her some snacks and me being the kind person that I am I had no problems with that. I came back with couple of snacks some M&Ms, Reece’s Pieces, and chocolate covered raisins, my favorite. About halfway into the movie my sister grabs a handful of Reece’s Pieces, shoves it in her mouth and starts munching. CRUNCH! CRUNCH! CRUNCH! While her mouth was still full she makes a comment on the movie and SPLAT! Landed right on my face. She saw what she had done, not a big deal she apologized and I forgave her. Next, me and my mother went to a restaurant to eat breakfast. Everything was going all good. We were talking about her work, but once again someone had to talk while their mouth was full! She cuts a small piece of her pancake with her fork puts it in her mouth starts talking. I then look at her with a disgust look in my face and right when she said, â€Å"WHAT?! †I felt a piece of her food landed on my mouth. GROSS! I literally lost my appetite and didn’t really want to eat no more. I didn’t really say anything because if I did I knew she would of overreacted and got mad so I kept my mouth shut this time. Once more! When I thought that this wouldn’t happen to me again†¦ well at least not until awhile, but it did! About a couple days from my last incident it happened again, but this time it was worse. I didn’t even know the person. I was minding my own business talking to my friends then I hear this disgusting sound kind of sounded like a deer gnawing off its own leg? I turned around to see some guy eating an apple chewing with his mouth open. I really tried minding my own business really trying not to be the bad guy and say something, but then I felt something kind of wet, hit the back of my neck and couldn’t help but tell him. Of course I wasn’t rude about it I just told him if he can chew with his mouth close because it’s disgusting and a piece of it flew out of his mouth and landed on the back of my neck. Obviously he didn’t care or was too embarrass because he didn’t even speak. Couldn’t even say sorry at least. Some people are just rude these days. They should really start using their manners and close their mouth and keep it shut when they are eating. Its disgusting and nobody wants to see that! If they wanted to know what they are eating they would of asked! After all this had happen to me I really am annoyed with people who talk with their mouth full, chews with their mouth open, or chews really loud.

Muslim Article

The New York Times article â€Å"Congressman Criticizes Election of Muslim† (Swarns 2006) reported on the criticism made by Virginia's Republican Congressman Virgil H. Goode Jr. on the recent election of Minnesota Representative Keith Ellison. According to Rep. Goode Jr., the election of Keith, a Democrat and the first-ever Muslim to sit in the United States Congress, is a grave threat to traditional American values. Goode's warning, contained in a letter addressed to his Virginia constituents dated Dec. 5, 2006, asked Americans to â€Å"wake up† or face the likelihood of more Muslim elected officials that would demand â€Å"use of the Koran†.He also called for the adoption of stringent immigration policies as a step towards the preservation both of this country's beliefs and values and resources. Ellison, a former criminal lawyer and a convert to Islam, has planned to use the Muslim bible in January during his private swearing-in. Goode's comments elicited criti cisms of bigotry and intolerance from some Democrats in Congress and from Muslim Americans as they pointed out that the official swearing in of officials, in contrast to private swearing in,   do not use religious texts. For his part, Ellison pointed out that he is no immigrant, saying that he's an African-American whose roots goes â€Å"back to 1742†. He also said he is a politician and not a religious scholar such that Goode has â€Å"nothing to fear†.This article of the New York Times gave a rather fair coverage as it observed the journalistic standard of presenting both sides of an issue. The article gave space to both Goode's and Ellison's statements and counter-statements, attempting to do so from an objective viewpoint. As for the issue of Islam or being Muslim depicted by the story itself, there are obviously two conflicting sides, two opposing viewpoints. The side of Rep. Goode adopts the position that Islam in the country, or at least the practices of Islam (as the use of Koran, instead of the Christian Bible in swearing-in), poses a considerable threat to traditional American culture. He even insinuated that Muslims, along with other immigrants, are a burden to the United States. On the other, the coverage of Ellison and his sympathizers show that Muslim Americans, who could be good citizens, are welcome in this country. U.S. Congressman Criticizes Election of Muslim By RACHEL L. SWARNSPublished: December 21, 2006WASHINGTON, Dec. 20 — In a letter sent to hundreds of voters this month, Representative Virgil H. Goode Jr., Republican of Virginia, warned that the recent election of the first Muslim to Congress posed a serious threat to the nation’s traditional values.Skip to next paragraphRepresentative Virgil H. Goode Jr., left, said Keith Ellison’s decision to use a Koran in a private swearing in for the House of Representatives was a mistake.Mr. Goode was referring to Keith Ellison, the Minnesota Democrat and criminal defense lawyer who converted to Islam as a college student and was elected to the House in November. Mr. Ellison’s plan to use the Koran during his private swearing-in ceremony in January had outraged some Virginia voters, prompting Mr. Goode to issue a written response to them, a spokesman for Mr. Goode said.In his letter, which was dated Dec. 5, Mr. Goode sa id that Americans needed to â€Å"wake up† or else there would â€Å"likely be many more Muslims elected to office and demanding the use of the Koran.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I fear that in the next century we will have many more Muslims in the United States if we do not adopt the strict immigration policies that I believe are necessary to preserve the values and beliefs traditional to the United States of America and to prevent our resources from being swamped,† said Mr. Goode, who vowed to use the Bible when taking his own oath of office.Mr. Goode declined Wednesday to comment on his letter, which quickly stirred a furor among some Congressional Democrats and Muslim Americans, who accused him of bigotry and intolerance.They noted that the Constitution specifically bars any religious screening of members of Congress and that the actual swearing in of those lawmakers occurs without any religious texts. The use of the Bible or Koran occurs only in private ceremonial events that ta ke place after lawmakers have officially sworn to uphold the Constitution.Mr. Ellison dismissed Mr. Goode’s comments, saying they seemed ill informed about his personal origins as well as about Constitutional protections of religious freedom. â€Å"I’m not an immigrant,† added Mr. Ellison, who traces his American ancestors back to 1742. â€Å"I’m an African-American.†Since the November election, Mr. Ellison said, he has received hostile phone calls and e-mail messages along with some death threats. But in an interview on Wednesday, he emphasized that members of Congress and ordinary citizens had been overwhelmingly supportive and said he was focusing on setting up his Congressional office, getting phone lines hooked up and staff members hired, not on negative comments.â€Å"I’m not a religious scholar, I’m a politician, and I do what politicians do, which is hopefully pass legislation to help the nation,† said Mr. Ellison, who said he planned to focus on secular issues like increasing the federal minimum wage and getting health insurance for the uninsured.â€Å"I’m looking forward to making friends with Representative Goode, or at least getting to know him,† Mr. Ellison said, speaking by telephone from Minneapolis. â€Å"I want to let him know that there’s nothing to fear. The fact that there are many different faiths, many different colors and many different cultures in America is a great strength.†In Washington, Brendan Daly, a spokesman for the incoming House speaker, Nancy Pelosi of California, called Mr. Goode’s letter â€Å"offensive.† Corey Saylor, legislative director for the Council on American-Islamic Relations, criticized what he described as Mr. Goode’s â€Å"message of intolerance.†Representative Bill Pascrell Jr., Democrat of New Jersey, urged Mr. Goode to reach out to Muslims in Virginia and learn â€Å"to dispel misconceptions instea d of promoting them.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Keith Ellison serves as a great example of Muslim Americans in our nation, and he does not have to answer to you, to me or anyone else in regards to questions about his faith,† said Mr. Pascrell, whose district includes many Arab-Americans.The fracas over Mr. Ellison’s decision to use the Koran during his personal swearing-in ceremony began last month when Dennis Prager, a conservative columnist and radio host, condemned the decision as one that would undermine American civilization.â€Å"Ellison’s doing so will embolden Islamic extremists and make new ones, as Islamists, rightly or wrongly, see the first sign of the realization of their greatest goal — the Islamicization of America,† said Mr. Prager, who said the Bible was the only relevant religious text in the United States.â€Å"If you are incapable of taking an oath on that book, don’t serve in Congress,† Mr. Prager said.In his letter, Mr. Goode e choed that view, saying that he did not â€Å"subscribe to using the Koran in any way.† He also called for ending illegal immigration and reducing legal immigration.Linwood Duncan, a spokesman for Mr. Goode, said the Virginia lawmaker had no intention of backing down, despite the furor.â€Å"He stands by the letter,† Mr. Duncan said. â€Å"He has no intention of apologizing.†