Tuesday, November 26, 2019
Adlerian Therapy Essays
Adlerian Therapy Essays Adlerian Therapy Essay Adlerian Therapy Essay Today, there are a lot of different kinds of psychiatric therapy or sets of techniques intended to improve mental health, emotional or behavioral issues of individuals, family members or a whole familys interactional climate. Mental health problems can have both psychological, social and somatic dimensions. These issues often make it hard for people to manage their lives and achieve their goals. Psychotherapy is aimed at these problems, and attempts to solve - or help people themselves to solve - them via a number of different approaches and techniques. The study will discuses the Adlerian therapy and Cognitive Behavioral therapy. It will provide the concenpt of the two psychological approach and their limitations. This study will also discuss the similarities and differences between Adlerian therapy and Cognitive Behavioral therapy. Analysis Adlerian therapy focuses on the importance of the feelings of self (ego) that arise from interactions and conflicts. It emphasizes motivation and social interaction. It is a phenomenological approach, where social interest is stressed. The nature of the therapy is informative and encouraging. It is a type of therapy where it stresses the collaborative partnership of the client and patient. Cognitive Behavior therapy focuses on the important role of thinking in how a person feels and what he or she does. The approach believes it is in the person’s thinking that causes her or him to feel and act the way he or she do. Therefore, if he or she is experiencing unwanted feelings and behaviors, it is important to identify the thinking that is causing the feelings or behaviors and to learn how to replace this thinking with thoughts that lead to more desirable reactions. (Beck, 1995) It is the fastest in terms of results obtain. The average number of session’s clients receives is sixteen. . Other forms of therapy, like psychoanalysis, can take years. What enable cognitive behavior therapy is to be briefer is its highly instructional nature and the fact that it makes use of homework assignments. (Beck, 1995) Adlerian therapy is a phenomenological approach where it attempts to view the world from the client’s subjective frame of reference. How life is in reality is less important than how the individual believes life to be. The therapy believes that it is not the childhood experiences that are crucial but rather it is our present interpretation of these events. It believes that our unconscious instincts and our past do not determine our behavior, which in this aspect Cognitive Behavior therapy shares the same belief. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is based on the scientific fact that the person’s thoughts cause his or her feelings and behaviors, not external things, like people, situations, and events. In this therapy, mental health is measured by the degree to which we successfully share with others and are concerned with their welfare. Happiness and success are mostly related to social connectedness. Its most significant and distinctive concept refers to a person’s attitude toward and awareness of being a part of the human community. While Cognitive Behavior Therapy believes that that we can change the way we think to feel or act better even if the situation does not change. In Adlerian Theory, building self-confidence and stimulating courage is the best way to encourage a client. It is believed to be the most powerful method available for changing a person’s beliefs. In contrast, discouragement is the basic condition that prevents people from functioning. The therapy encourages clients to recognize their clients to choose and act differently. The two complexes are also considered on this therapy. These are Inferiority Complex and Superiority Complex. Inferiority Complex is normal feelings of incompetence and exaggerates them-impossible to achieve goals-hopeless. The Superiority Complex is a very high opinion of self-bragging and quick to argue personal solutions to problems are right one-convince others of being valuable to them and to self. Everyone is born with some physical weakness-motivate life choices. Aggression Drive is a reaction to perceived helplessness or inferiority lashing out against the inability to achieve or master. (Alder, 1997) CBT have a different approach. The therapy does not tell people how they should feel. However, most people seeking therapy do not want to feel they way they do. Cognitive behavioral teaches the benefits of feeling, at worst, calm when confronted with undesirable situations. It also emphasizes the fact that we have our undesirable situations whether we are upset about them or not. If we are upset about our problems, we have two problems the problem, and our upset about it. Most sane people want to have the fewest number of problems possible. Additional Concepts: In Adlerian therapy, masculine protest is defined when kids work to become independent from and equal to adults people in power-autonomous-positive assertive. Perfection striving is defined when people who are not neurotically bound to an inferiority complex spend their lives trying to meet their fictional goals. The therapy tries to eliminate a client’s perceived flaws, and gives motivation and focus. It focuses on understanding social issues and social responsibility by providing tasks that are career-self worth and societal task-creating friendship networks. The program is positive and goal oriented humanity. The client strives to overcome weaknesses to function productively contributing to society. During the therapy, client explores private logical concepts about oneself, about life and others, where philosophy lifestyle is based. It tries to discover purposes of behavior or symptoms and basic mistakes associated with their coping. During the process, it teaches the client to learn how to correct faulty assumptions and conclusions. (Mosak, 1999) CBT on the other hand follows the Stonic philosophy. The therapy does not tell people how they should feel. However, most people seeking therapy do not want to feel they way they do. Cognitive behavioral teaches the benefits of feeling, at worst, calm when confronted with undesirable situations. It also emphasizes the fact that we have our undesirable situations whether we are upset about them or not. If we are upset about our problems, we have two problems the problem, and our upset about it. Most sane people want to have the fewest number of problems possible. Therapist should get to know the client as a person. It needs to collaborate on goals for therapy. It supports therapist-caring human connection. The therapist works to make client feel deeply understood and accepted. The client focuses on what needs to change in the therapy. In Adlerian, subjective interview encourages the client to tell his or her own story as expert on own life. The therapist listens for clues to client’s coping and approach to life. Questions being used on this kind of interviews are: â€Å"How would your life be different, and what would you do differently, if you did not have this symptom or problem? †Objective interview is a life style assessment process. It comprises early recollection, personality priorities, family constellation, Integration, and summary. The therapist should encourage self-understanding and insights that tend to understand the motivation that operates client’s life. The therapist should explore the purposes of symptoms, behaviors, feelings, and human difficulties. The encouragement process of the Adlerian therapy is to build courage to change and to overcome discouragement. In the process, personal growth is encouraged and reinforced. It also helps change and search for new possibilities and makes a difference through the change in behavior, attitude, or perception. The Adlerian Approach is used in education, marriage counseling, family counseling, group work, and parent education. . (Alder, 1997) CBT on the other hand, have a different of method and sets of questions it follows. Cognitive-behavioral therapists want to gain a very good understanding of their clients concerns. That is why they often ask questions. They also encourage their clients to ask questions of themselves, like, How do I really know that those people are laughing at me? Could they be laughing about something else? Cognitive-behavioral therapists have a specific agenda for each session. Specific techniques / concepts are taught during each session. CBT focuses on helping the client achieve the goals they have set. CBT is directive in that respect. However, CBT therapists do not tell their clients what to do rather, they teach their clients how to do. Relationship of the therapist to the client In Adlerian Therapy, the client-therapist relationship is based on mutual trust, respect, confidence, and alignments of goals. It needs to establish a collaborative relationship to make the therapy a success. The therapist develops therapeutic contract-goals during the program. While in this approach the therapist tries to put emphasis on the responsibility of the client for his or her own behaviors, in Cognitive behavior therapists focus on teaching rational self-counseling skills. Techniques and Procedure Adlerian therapy helps the client to make new choices-reorientation and reeducation. It encourages the development of self-understanding-insight into purpose. It explores the psychological changes operating in the client’s assessment. CBT shares a different procedure and technique. The program is based on the scientifically supported assumption that most emotional and behavioral reactions are learned. Therefore, the goal of therapy is to help clients unlearn their unwanted reactions and to learn a new way of reacting. While Cognitive Behavioral therapists do not present themselves as know-it-alls†, the assumption is that if clients knew what the therapist had to teach them, clients would not have the emotional / behavioral problems they are experiencing. Therefore, CBT has nothing to do with just talking. People can just talk with anyone. (Abramson, 2000) The educational emphasis of CBT has an additional benefit it leads to long-term results. When people understand how and why they are doing well, they can continue doing what they are doing to make themselves well. The therapy relies on the inductive method. A central aspect of Rational thinking is that it is based on fact, not simply our assumptions made. Often, we upset ourselves about things when, in fact, the situation is not like we think it is. If we knew that, we would not waste our time upsetting ourselves. Therefore, the inductive method encourages us to look at our thoughts as being hypotheses that can be questioned and tested. If we find that our hypotheses are incorrect (because we have new information), then we can change our thinking to be in line with how the situation really is. There are over 25 very common mental mistakes that people make that cause them to not have the facts straight. Goal achievement could take a very long time if all a person were only to think about the techniques and topics taught for one hour per week. That is why CBT therapists assign reading assignments and encourage their clients to practice the techniques learned. (Abramson, 2000) Conclusion Adler placed an important emphasis on social interest. Freud saw society and the individual at odds with one another, but Adler saw society and the individual as mutually supportive. He believed that it was natural, normal and healthy for people to be involved and concerned with one another, and that the absence of this was a sign of maladaptation in the individual. The psychotherapy system that Adler developed is not constrained by techniques, such as classical psychoanalysis is by free association. Adlerian therapy seeks to help people actualize their goals in life (overcome their inferiority feelings) and is very supportive an encouraging. It is also, however, challenging and confronting on problematic lifestyles and goals. Adlerian therapists seek to establish empathy and build rapport with their clients, and to understand the lifestyle that guides their behavior in functional or dysfunctional ways. Adlerian psychotherapy seeks to develop people who have high social interest, who are cooperative with others, and who have a decreased sense of inferiority. The approach assumes that most people in therapy feel relatively powerless and discouraged, so encouragement is a cornerstone of the therapeutic approach. Self-confidence and a conviction that one can cope with the problems presented by life are critical goals of the therapy. Its strong positive and forward moving nature makes it an excellent therapeutic approach for people struggling with a sense of failure in life. While Cognitive Behavior Therapy is probably the most widely researched psychotherapy that exists today, and there is more research support for its efficacy than there is for any other therapy. The treatment is collaborative, structured, and goal-oriented. CBT is designed to be as short term as possible, though sometimes with complex cases and severe mental illness treatment takes longer. CBT also places a strong emphasis on relapse prevention, which essentially teaches patients skills so they can learn to be their own therapists. Cognitive therapy involves recognizing unhelpful patterns of thinking and reacting, then modifying or replacing these with more realistic or helpful ones. It is based on the idea that how we think, how we feel , and how we act all interact together. Specifically, our thoughts determine our feelings and our behavior. Therefore, negative thoughts can cause us distress and result in problems. Reference Abramson, L. , Seligman, M. E. P. Teasdale, J. 2000. Learned Helplessness in Humans: Critique and Reformulation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87 pp49-74 Adler, A. 1997 . Understanding Life: an Introduction to the Psychology of Alfred Adler. Oxford: Oneworld. Beck, J. S. 1995 . Cognitive Therapy: Basics and Beyond. New York, NY: Guilford Press. Mosak, H. , Maniacci, M. 1999. A Primer of Adlerian Psychology: The Analytic Behavioral Cognitive Psychology of Alfred Adler. Philadelphia,
Saturday, November 23, 2019
Advanced French Past Tenses and Imperfect
Advanced French Past Tenses and Imperfect The difference between the two main French past tenses, the passà © composà © and the imperfect, is a constant struggle for many French students. In my lesson on passà © composà © vs imperfect, you learned about the fundamental differences between these two tenses. In this more advanced lesson, you will learn about the particularities of certain verbs when used in the past. Usually Imperfect Some French verbs are nearly always used in the imperfect rather than the passà © composà ©: aimer - to like, lovecroire - to believeespà ©rer - to hopeà ªtre - to bepenser - to thinksembler - to seemsentir - to feelvouloir - to want These verbs describe a state of mind or state of being. They are most often in the imperfect because verbs like wanting and being do not usually have a clear indicator of start and finish - either they last for an unspecified amount of time or they are interrupted by some other action.   Jaimais danser quand jà ©tais jeune.   I liked to dance when I was young.   Je croyais en Dieu.   I believed in God.   Jespà ©rais gagner.   I hoped (was hoping) to win.   Jà ©tais heureux lannà ©e passà ©e.   I was happy last year.   Je pensais mon frà ¨re.   I was thinking about my brother.   Il semblait trop parfait.   It seemed too perfect.   Je me sentais malade pendant toute la journà ©e.   I felt sick all day.   Je voulais rentrer aprà ¨s le film.   I wanted to go home after the movie.However, these verbs are used in the passà © composà © wh en there is a clear indication of the beginning or end of the action of the verb, or when it is obvious that this was a simple action that only occurred once.   Je nai pas aimà © le film.    I didnt like the movie.   Je ne tai pas cru quand tu as dit...   I didnt believe you when you said...   Hier, jai espà ©rà © que tu viendrais ; aujourdhui, à §a mest à ©gal.   Yesterday I hoped you would come; today I dont care.   Quand je lai vu, jai à ©tà © surpris.   When I saw him, I was surprised (just at that moment).   Jai pensà © une bonne histoire.   I thought of a good story.   Il a semblà © disparaà ®tre.   He seemed to disappear (all of a sudden).   Jai senti une goutte de pluie.   I felt a drop of rain.   Tout dun coup, jai voulu partir.   All of a sudden, I wanted to leave.Now that you know which verbs are usually in the imperfect, you can learn about verbs that have different meanings depending on whether they are used in the passà © composà ©Ã‚ or imperfect, and verbal constructions that are always in the imperfec t. Meaning Changes There are a few verbs that have different meanings depending on whether they are used in the passà © composà © or imperfect. Note however that these verbs are usually used in the imperfect; the passà © composà © meaning is fairly uncommon.avoir - to have   imperfect - had   Javais de largent. - I had some money   Je navais pas assez de temps. - I didnt have enough time   Javais faim. - I was hungry   passà © composà © - had, got, received   Jai eu un accident. - I had / got into an accident   Jai eu une bonne surprise. - I got a nice surprise   Jai eu faim. - I got hungryconnaà ®tre - to know   imperfect - knew, was familiar with   Je la connaissais bien. - I knew her well   passà © composà © - met   Jai connu Michel hier. - I met Michel (for the first time) yesterdaydevoir - to have to   imperfect - was supposed to (whether I did or not)   Je devais partir midi. - I was supposed to leave at noon   passà © composà © - must have, had to   Jai dà » le perdre. - I must have lost it   Jai dà » partir midi.  - I had to leave at noon (and did)pouvoir - to be able to   imperfect - could, was able to (whether I did or not)   Je pouvais mentir. - I could lie / was capable of lying   passà © composà © - could, was able to, managed to; (negative) couldnt, was unable to   Jai pu mentir. - I was able to lie   Je nai pas pu mentir. - I couldnt / was unable to liesavoir - to know   imperfect - knew   Je savais ladresse. - I knew the address   Je savais nager. - I knew how to swim   passà © composà © - learned, found out   Jai su la solution. - I found out / discovered the solution   Jai su nager. - I learned how to swimvouloir - to want   imperfect - wanted   Je voulais partir. - I wanted to leave   Je voulais plus dargent. - I wanted more moneyÂ Â à ‚ passà © composà © - tried, decided to; (negative) refused   Jai voulu partir. - I tried / decided to leave   Je nai pas voulu partir. - I refused to leave Verbal Constructions Some verbs have particular constructions which, when referring to the past, are always in the imperfect:aller infinitive (near future)   Jallais à ©tudier. - I was going to study.avoir (with age)   Javais 18 ans. - I was 18.à ªtre en train de   Jà ©tais en train dà ©crire une lettre. - I was writing a letter.faire (with weather)   Il faisait beau. - It was nice out.venir de infinitive (recent past)   Je venais darriver. - I had just arrived.
Thursday, November 21, 2019
Describe the relationship between health care cost and quality Essay
Describe the relationship between health care cost and quality - Essay Example In health care, â€Å"cost†may be defined in different ways, depending on the individual’s perception. Two of these definitions are (1) when consumers and financiers pertain to the â€Å"price†of health care; and (2) when it is seen in a national perspective, referring to how much a nation spends on health care services (Shi & Singh, 2008, p. 484). Health care quality is said to be judged subjectively, according to the standards of an individual or an organization. Donabedian (n.d.) identified three determinants of the overall quality of health care: (1) structure of care, referring to the qualifications of health care providers and characteristics of facilities; (2) process of care, or the manner health care is provided; and (3) outcome of care, or effectiveness of the care provided (as cited in Wiest, 1988, p. 54). It is contended that without the existence of these three, it is not possible to achieve a high quality of health care. In health care, cost and quality possess a certain relationship, where cost does not always equate to quality (Marquis & Huston, 2009, p. 210). Considerably, O’Kane (2006) presents that â€Å"what higher spending often buys is unnecessary care, which...exposes patients to risk and wastes time, resources, and money, all of which could be put to better use†(as cited in Marquis & Huston , 2009, p. 210). In this light comes the concept of cost-effectivity, where the term â€Å"cost-effective†connotes that the product or service gained is adequate to the resources used and the finances spent. For instance, the purchase of a needed drug previously not in stock increases cost of care, but is expected to increase care quality as well. However, in the event that a wrong drug is purchased and neglectfully given, the cost increases with a lowered quality of care. Further, being cost-effective also suggests
Tuesday, November 19, 2019
Americanos Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Americanos - Essay Example The forces that inculcated a desire in the Americans to gain independence, the causes of conflicts among troops, and the consent of leaders have all been well captured in the book. â€Å"Chasteen's book joins a long list of highly regarded and influential English-language surveys of the independence period†(Blanchard). Summary: The book explains how the Portugese and Spanish colonies struggled to gain independence in America. In the start of 19th century, Napoleon conquered Portugal and Spain. This event in Europe brought about many consequences throughout the world. The event sparked a whole range of revolutions everywhere in the Portugese and Spanish empires in the New World. The world history underwent an altogether turn. The independence wars ultimately led to the development of 19 independent republics in America. Some of the most well known leaders of the times like Father Hidalgo, Father Morelos, and Bernardo O'Higgins have been identified along with some not so well k nown women like Manuela Saenz, Juana Azurduy, and Leona Vicario that had played important roles in the overall independence movement. It has been discussed in the book that by the time the wars neared end, the Latin American independence leaders acknowledged the classical liberal principles. In particular, the popular principles of self-determination and sovereignty were embraced. The global reach of values of the Western politics expanded permanently as a result of it. In the years that preceded the independence, the whole colonial society was categorized on the basis of caste. There were europeos, mestizos, americanos, pardos, Indians and blacks. Among them, the europeos were considered as the â€Å"most pure†group. The term, â€Å"Americano†got redefined after huge struggle so as to include non-europeo people. To define America's rainbow of castes as the Americano people recognized the truth on the ground, but it also created a new truth, an airy but potent abstra ction. That abstraction was the Sovereign People, who deserved nothing less than a government of, by, and for the people. (Chasteen 2). The redefinition of americanos went against Spansih colonialists. Many new nations also got influenced in Latin America because of that, and adopted a republican form that was equipped with all trappings of the liberal rule. That is why today, a vast majority of the oldest functioning republics of the world are from Latin America, and are still caught in disturbed political legacy since their birth. Critical analysis: Chasteen has adequately synthesized all major events and identified all key individuals that had played an important role in the wars of independence between 1805-1830. The chief battles and events have been described quite straightforwardly. Figures have been accompanied with biographical information that make it a colorful and balanced portrayal of history. Chasteen has fundamentally made use of secondary sources. Therefore, the book basically offers a makeup of existing scholarship and can not be regarded as an â€Å"addition†to the existing body of literature. However, Americanos is undoubtedly, a valuable addition to the existing scholarship of the history of Latin America. The book mostly presents the state of the art awareness in a clear manner. There are no groundbreaking advances or realization of
Sunday, November 17, 2019
Interviewing for the Future Essay Example for Free
Interviewing for the Future Essay Interviewing is considered by many people to be an art. As an adolescent, I never had the chance to interview someone before and it really made me have to expose myself to the world outside of my comfort zone. Being only eighteen years old, I wanted to explore my future career path a little more in depth from somebody who knows the field. I chose to do my interview on someone I admired off campus who works in my field of interest. As a freshman in college, most students don’t know which direction they want to go in, most of them are undeclared. Upon entering CCSU this fall I, too, was undeclared; however, very recently I discovered that I wanted to work in the field of dentistry. I noted that I wanted to talk to an expert, somebody who had been in the field for many years so I could get a concrete grasp on what a day-in-the-life was like. I decided that I wanted to know more on the field and conducted an interview with Lyudmila Adamitskaya, a dental hygienist at Smiles for the Future a pediatric dentist office in Glastonbury, CT. Before I decided to conduct the actual interview, I did some basic background research on Smiles for the Future. I looked at their company website to get a sense of what the atmosphere was like. After I got the general idea of what the pediatric dentistry field was similar too, I brainstormed a variety of questions. I wanted to know what it was like for Lyudmila and what the work environment was like. I had already known quite a bit about the actual field itself, but I wanted to find out things about the pediatric dentistry field that a person couldn’t read about in Chemistry books or through Anatomy lectures. I wanted to discover why she liked her job and what she didn’t like about her job. I desired to know the obstacles she had to overcome and if her expectations were fulfilled from what she had perceived them to be while in college. At first I couldn’t find the right words to put down on paper prior to the interview. From the in class essay we read â€Å"The Art of Interviewing†I took away a central point that really stood out to me, â€Å"Substance is powerful to conduct a meaningful interview†(Foster 1). This quote really jumped off the page for me because it made me think that if I didn’t have the questions I wanted answered, then what was the point of even doing the interview? This point certainly got me to brainstorm for quite a long time to get the right questions. I took away another point from the essay, â€Å"If the interviewer already suspects what content is coming then why conduct the interview?†(Foster 1). This acknowledgement made me really concentrate on questions I could not possibly know the answers to, so that my interview would be meaningful to me and not just a waste of time. I knew that going into the interview, I was going to be nervous but I had no idea what was going to happen. On the afternoon of September 24th, 2012 I walked into the colorful pediatric office of Smiles for the Future in Glastonbury, CT. I anxiously waited until Mrs. Lyudmila Adamitskaya was finished with a small girl who looked as if she were around six or seven years old. I looked around at my surroundings and noticed many toys thrown about the waiting room. Normally, this wouldn’t bother me, I love working with children; however, today seemed different. I couldn’t place what it was that bothered me so much about this but I was abruptly pulled out of my dream-like state when Mrs. Adamitskaya greeted me with a warm and cheery â€Å"Hello!†The first thing I noticed about her was her bright purple scrubs. Her hair was neatly tied back and she had a professional, but friendly, demeanor about her. We shook hands briefly and she invited me to come to the back, into room six. She invited me to sit in the patient’s chair, which was significantly smaller than I was and we shared a brief ice-breaking laugh at the situation. She asked me how old I was and I told her I was eighteen and conducting the interview for my English class. I also told her how I was considering going into the field of pediatric dentistry. Immediately, I saw her face light up and I smiled at how much I could tell just from that simple body language she really enjoyed her job. I opened up the interview with the most basic question I could think of; what made you want to become a dental hygienist? She paused momentarily, trying to search for the right words, a puzzled yet relaxed expression on her face. Finally she stated with an enormous smile, â€Å"I always wanted to work in the medical field or dental field to make a difference in people’s oral and overall health†(Adamitskaya). Just that statement alone told me most of what I needed to know about Mrs. Adamitskaya’s attitude not only towards her patients, but towards all people. The statement told me that she genuinely cared how people were doing and she wanted to make a difference in the community. I nervously looked around the room at small stuffed animals and butterfly wallpaper and asked, â€Å"Do you like your work environment?†Mrs. Adamitskaya looked relieved and a little less under pressure. She quickly stepped back into the upbeat woman I first had seen and said, â€Å"I love my work environment because I get to work with amazing doctors and team members who dedicate their work and knowledge to improve and educate people about oral health†(Adamitskaya). This really perked my interest that she felt so strongly about the field and how much her doctors and co-workers cared for other patients as much as she did. I wanted to know more so I added â€Å"Do you like your job? What’s the best and worst part about your job?†She glanced around, looked at me and smiled. â€Å"I don’t like my job.†She paused, gave me a strange look and continued, â€Å"I love my job! I love it because everything we do is for our patients and it brings positive feedback. It encourages patients to keep coming back. It’s always rewarding to work with patients and make a difference in people’s lives and build relationships. The worst part would be the cost of health insurance for families†(Adamitskaya). I could sense she felt bad about the state of the economy, and briefly went on to discuss with me how â€Å"unfortunate it is that most families struggle to put food on the table at night while balancing family and school life†(Adamitskaya). When I saw how much this bothered her it made me eager to get more information on her personal background and struggles. I was nervous to ask at first, but my inner child’s curiosity got the best of me and I rather excitedly asked â€Å"What obstacles have you had to overcome to get where you are today?†She laughed a little; I’m assuming at how embarrassed I looked, I must’ve been a little flushed because my face felt hot as I waited for an answer. She proudly said, â€Å"Going through my college years, I didn’t speak English until I came to America when I was 22 years old. I was raising two children, working full time for minimum wage at Subway to put myself through school. I was trying to learn English and all the dynamics that go into a dental hygiene program at the same time. There were nights I didn’t sleep, but I did it all to provide a better future for my family†(Adamitskaya). It was at this point in the interview I really felt a huge personal connection with Mrs. Lyudmila Adamitskaya. I told her that I, myself, had been working two jobs and putting myself through college full time and she simply replied with a soft smile, â€Å"All hard work has rewards†(Adamitskaya). After this significant quote, Mrs. Adamitskaya wasn’t just another dental hygienist I was interviewing; she became somebody I truly admired. But I had to know if all that she worked for paid off for her and if in her heart her expectations were fulfilled. I asked, â€Å"Were your expectations fulfilled when you entered your career field from what you thought it would be like in college?†She eagerly answered very quickly, â€Å"Yes! They were fulfilled for certain. I am very pleased with what I have achieved over the last ten years of working as a dental hygienist†(Adamitskaya). When she said that her expectations were fulfilled, it somehow made me feel much more relaxed about the career path I had finally decided I wanted to go with. I then asked her what her opinion was on the industry in terms of job openings for after I completed college. She hesitated; looking almost worried, and said, â€Å"It’s easier to find a part time job rather than a full time position because of the economy, but it is an ever growing field and will always expand†(Adamitskaya). Her words had a way of relaxing me almost instantly. Mrs. Lyudmila Adamitskaya was definitely a woman who I would love to go back to for a second, third or even fourth interview with. She was extremely honest, kind and opened up her office doors to me in a very warm and friendly environment. I thanked her for meeting with me, shook her hand again and told her that I would love to meet with her again in the future to talk about dental hygiene and the wonderful world of pediatric dentistry. She laughed at my humor and said to â€Å"stay in school.†I walked back to my car with a newfound confidence in my ability to interview somebody. What I took away from this experience was not only how to interview a person I wanted to know more about, but how to go with the natural flow of conversation to fulfill my own curiosity. I had tons of questions lined up on paper, but I realized when I got back to my car that I hadn’t asked any of the basic questions I had written on the paper. I found that it was much more natural to talk from what I honestly wanted to know than from what I brainstormed in the midst of cramming all of my homework into one night. I learned that interviewing really isn’t as difficult as it had seemed before. It takes determination as well as a sense of confidence and curiosity in the subject to conduct a successful interview. Interviewing, from this experience, showed me that it’s not just about the answers, but how carefully the questions are tailored to how the person responds to a statement that is made. I learned that interviewing is truly an art form in itself. Work Cited Adamitskaya, Lyudmila. Personal Interview. 24 Sept, 2012. Foster, Linda. â€Å"The Art of Interviewing.†25 Sept, 2012.
Thursday, November 14, 2019
Marijuana Should Be Legalized for Medicinal Purposes Essay -- Argument
Marijuana Should Be Legalized for Medicinal Purposes How would most Americans react if the law allowed the use of heroin, LSD, or amphetamines for medical purposes? Many of us would react in disbelief mainly because of the effects of these powerful and addictive drugs. However, in Arizona the law permits the use of heroin, LSD, and amphetamines for medicinal purposes, yet the medicinal use of marijuana remains illegal in the United States ("Facts"). Because marijuana is categorized as a Schedule 1 drug under the federal Controlled Substance Act ("Issues"), physicians cannot legally prescribe it. The national debate on the effectiveness of marijuana as medicine is divided between those who advocate marijuana's medicinal value and those who dismiss the claim that marijuana poses any medicinal value. Although many regard the use of medicinal marijuana as a hoax, there is evidence to the contrary that helps to create a substantial argument as to marijuana's ability to provide effective relief from certain symptoms of disease. Patients of t erminal or critical illnesses should be allowed, under the care and supervision of a physician, the option of using marijuana for medicinal purposes. First and foremost, the medical value of marijuana is primarily a means of relief from the symptoms associated with diseases themselves and their treatments, not a cure. Therefore, its therapeutic values are not based on a particular disease, but rather the symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and anorexia caused by loss of appetite and chronic pain. The exact reason why marijuana relieves such symptoms is not known but most likely lies in its organic composition and ingredients. Marijuana is made up of over 400 organic chemicals, 60 of which are... ...arijuana: the struggle for legalization." CNN Interactive. 1 Dec. 2013. http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9702/weed.wars/issues/background/index.html. * "What is the treatment cost of medical marijuana vs. the cost of Merinol?" 2 Dec. 2013. http://medicalmarijuanaprocon.org/bin/procon/procon.cgi?database. * "Clinical Pharmacology of Marijuana." Workshop on the Medical Utility of Marijuana. 1 Dec. 2013. http://www.nih.gov/news/medmarijuana/MedicalMarijuana.htm#clinical. * "Medical Value and Use: Do many physicians support medical marijuana?" Medical Marijuana procon. 1 Dec. 2013. http://www.medicalmarijuanaprocon.org/bin/procon/procon.cgi?database=5-B-Subs-1.db&co * "Medical Value and Use: What are the benefits and risks of Merinol vs. marijuana?" Medical Marijuana procon. 2 Dec. 2013. http://www.medicalmarijuanaprocon.org/bin/procon/procon.cgi?database
Tuesday, November 12, 2019
Becoming a Police Officer Essay
Although being a police officer can be stressful, it can also be highly rewarding if public service is important to you. (Kara, 1999) When becoming a Police Officer, you are making a commitment to protect your community even if it means giving your life to do it. Despite what some people may think every police officer does their job they way they do it to make sure that your families are safe every night. Just like any job out there now a days you have to have an education. To be a police officer most places are now requiring a two degree. Going beyond a two year degree usually leaves you the opportunity to progress in your field of choice allowing for more job options. Being a Police Officer means that you have to first meet the requirements set forth by the department with which you are applying, have the unique set of skills to do your job efficiently, and you have to have the willingness to further your education to go further in your career. To be successful as a Police Officer there are some characteristics that you need. Some of these characteristics include having a level head, being able to think quickly on your feet, and have the ability to work well under pressure. You have to be able to work well with little to no supervision. This is a skill you need when working undercover and in the field. It is also important that you have self-confidence, and confidence in your ability to make decisions and take the lead in what could be a risky situation. Leadership skills are also important because the people of the community look to you to be able to solve issues and crime related issues. Having the capabilities to be a leader comes very important in the job as an officer. The whole community depends upon your ability to be a leader in their eyes. It’s highly important to have the ability to stay calm in highly stressful situations. If you are unable to stay calm in high pressure situations and emotional intense situations it will become hard for you to as an officer to function on a daily basis. Having patience (which can be difficult at times) and a good set of morals are also important skills an officer must have. An officer must be able to handle situations with patience and good communication skills. These come very handy while interviewing a suspect or even dealing with issues in the community. Having a good set of morals are important because as an officer of the law you must set the example and follow the laws yourself and not believe that you can get away with everything because you are above the law, because you are not. You are an enforcer of the law, so to enforce the law upon others you must also obey the laws yourself. You also should have a good sense of right and wrong to be able to encourage good behavi or to the public. The basic requirements to be a police officer are usually about the same, because most follow the civil service regulations when hiring officers. These requirements would include: Being a United States citizen, you have to be at least twenty-one years old, have a high school diploma or equivalent education, possess a valid driver’s license, and have no prior convictions. Now these are just the basics, most departments generally have more requirements, for example a lot of departments now require that you have at least an associate’s degree in criminal justice. Before you can begin working in a department as an officer you are generally required to attend a police academy which you must complete and pass to be qualified as a Police Officer. When you go through the police academy you are generally there from twelve to fourteen weeks, while there you must pass a physical fitness and written exam. While at the police academy educational wise, you will learn state ordinances and local laws, working with the public, constitutional laws, accident investigation, incident reporting, civil rights, mental preparation for hostility, and criminal psychology. Like most jobs you can learn all you want about a job but, you learn best by doing. Because police jobs are dangerous jobs they require specific training to succeed in the field. Work experience is done under the supervision of a training officer. The on the job training includes: using firearms, responding to emergencies, controlling traffic, CPR and first-aid, self-defense techniques, apprehension techniques, risk assessment, and role playing. All training is essential to be the best you can be at being an officer. All the training that is endured is important for you to be the person the community needs you to be. There are several opportunities for advancement in law enforcement. The police force ranking is clearly structured and goes as followed: Police constable, sergeant, inspector, chief inspector, superintendent, chief superintendent, assistant chief constable, deputy chief constable, and chief constable. Police constables have to complete a two year probationary period before they can be eligible for higher ranking. When the probationary period is over police constables are then able to apply for specialist units such as the fraud squad, fire arms, drug squad, child protection, criminal investigation department (CID) traffic, mounted branches, dog handlers, and underwater search units. Becoming a police officer is a process; you are tested physically and mentally. Being a police officer is an important job because those people are there for you, your family, and the community. Not only is education a requirement to being a police officer, but furthering that education will open up more opportunities in that field. To be a police officer it takes a number of skills to be the best you can be at your job. References AGCAS. (2012, January). Police officer career development. Retrieved from http://www.prospects.ac.uk/police_officer_career_development.htm Education Portal. (2003). Police officer: Educational requirements for police officers. Retrieved from http://education-portal.com/articles/Police_Officer_Educational_Requirements_for_Police_Officers.html What type of person can succeed in law enforcement. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.communitypolicing.org/law-enforcement-success
Saturday, November 9, 2019
Role of Students in Pakistan Movement
Assignment #1 Subject: pak &Islamic studies Class: BSCS-1C Last Date: 01-10-2012. Max. Marks: 10 Instructor name: Dr. Mahboobullah Date: 17-09-2012 â€â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€ Instructions: 1. The assignment is research base so general in formations will not be appreciated. 2. Do not write more than five pages. One side of the page is considered one page. 3. No such assignment will be accepted which reveals the struggle of a single person. 4.No late assignment will be accepted without unavoidable excuse. 5. No re-take of assignment. 6. Write on the following format. â€â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Topic: Prop osed reforms in the present politics It is appreciated that the following points are discussed. 1. Definition of politics. 2. Politics with the relation of politics. 3. Politics in the golden ages of Islam. 4. The present political system. a. The leadership. b. The constitution. c. Implementation of rules and laws. d. Flaws in the constitution and legislative structure. 5.The proposed reforms. â€â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€ Good luck by the teacher Assignment no. 1 The topic: Name of the student: Class: Enrollment no: Assignment Date:Submission Date: Submitted to: Table of contents: Topic:page no. †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Start of contents: References: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Assignment #2 Subject: pak &Islamic studies Class: BSCS-1C Time allowed: 18-10-2012. Max. Marks: 10 Instructor name: Dr. Mahboobullah Date: 27-09-2012 â€â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€ â€â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€ Instructions: . The assignment is research base so general in formations will not be appreciated. 2. Do not write more than five pages. One side of the page is considered one page. 3. No such assignment will be accepted which reveals the struggle of a single person. 4. No late assignment will be accepted without unavoidable excuse. 5. No re-take of assignment. 6. Write on the following format. â€â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Topic: Importance of morality teachings in educational institution 1. Importance of morality. 2.Emphasis of Islam on good morality. 3. Importance of good morality in curriculum. 4. The morality which should be included in educational institutions. â€â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€ Good luck by the teacher Assignment no. 2 The topic: Name of the student: Class: Enrollment no: Assignment Date:Submission Date: Submitted to: Table of contents: Topic:page no. †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Start of contents: References: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Assignment #3 Subject: pak &Islamic studies Class: BSCS-1C Time allowed: 01-11-2012 Max.Marks: 10 Instructor name: Dr. Mahboobullah Date: 18-10-2012 â€â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€ Instructions: 1. The assignment is research base so general in formations will not be appreciated. 2. Do not write more than five pages. One side of the page is considered one page. 3. No such assignment will be accepted which reveals the struggle of a single person. 4. No late assignment will be accepted without unavoidable excuse. 5. No re-take of assignment. 6.Write on the following format. â€â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€œ  Topic: Loyalty with the family, educational institutions and your country 1. Loyalty and Islam. 2. Loyalty with the family.. 3. Loyalty with the educational institutions. 4. Loyalty with the country. â€â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€ Good luck by the teacher Assignment no. 3 The topic: Name of the student: Class: Enrollment no: Assignment Date:Submission Date: Submitted to: Table of contents: Topic:page no. †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Start of contents:
Thursday, November 7, 2019
Chemical Definition - Chemistry Glossary
Chemical Definition - Chemistry Glossary There are two definitions of the word chemical as the term is used in chemistry and common usage: Chemical Definition (adjective) As an adjective, the term chemical indicates a relationship to chemistry or to the interaction between substances. Used in a sentence: She studied chemical reactions.They determined the chemical composition of the soil. Chemical Definition (noun) Everything which has mass is a chemical. Anything consisting of matter is a chemical. Any liquid, solid, gas. A chemical includes any pure substance; any mixture. Because this definition of a chemical is so broad, most people consider a pure substance (element or compound) to be a chemical, particularly if it is prepared in a laboratory. Examples of Chemicals Examples of things which are chemicals or consist of them include water, pencil, air, carpet, light bulb, copper, bubbles, baking soda, and salt. Of these examples, water, copper, baking soda, and salt are pure substances (elements or chemical compounds. A pencil, air, carpet, a light bulb, and bubbles consist of multiple chemicals. Examples of things which are not chemicals include light, heat, and emotions.
Tuesday, November 5, 2019
Mitosis Quiz on Mitotic Cell Division
Mitosis Quiz on Mitotic Cell Division Mitosis Quiz This mitosis quiz is designed to test your knowledge of mitotic cell division. Cell division is a process that enables organisms to grow and reproduce. Dividing cells go through an ordered series of events called the cell cycle. Mitosis is a phase of the cell cycle in which the genetic material from a parent cell is divided equally between two daughter cells. Before a dividing cell enters mitosis it goes through a growth period called interphase. In this phase, the cell duplicates its genetic material and increases its organelles and cytoplasm. Next, the cell enters the mitotic phase. Through a sequence of steps, chromosomes are equally distributed to two daughter cells. Mitosis Stages Mitosis consists of several stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Finally, the dividing cell goes through cytokinesis (dividing of the cytoplasm) and two daughter cells are formed. Somatic cells, cells of the body other than sex cells, are reproduced by mitosis. These cells are diploid and contain two sets of chromosomes. Sex cells reproduce by a similar process called meiosis. These cells are haploid and contain one set of chromosomes. Do you know the phase of the cell cycle in which a cell spends 90 percent of its time? Test your knowledge of mitosis. To take the Mitosis Quiz, simply click on the Start The Quiz link below and select the correct answer for each question. JavaScript must be enabled to view this quiz. START THE MITOSIS QUIZ JavaScript must be enabled to view this quiz. To learn more about mitosis before taking the quiz, visit the Mitosis page. Mitosis Study Guide OverviewStages of MitosisMitosis AnimationMitosis Image GalleryGlossary of TermsQuiz
Sunday, November 3, 2019
Does anonymity on the web give people too much freedom to torment Essay
Does anonymity on the web give people too much freedom to torment others - Essay Example Potential victims are also protected this way. Patients and parents, for instance, can talk about sensitive matters in open forums (Milner). Victims of discrimination and crimes can also speak out anonymously. Nowadays, there are uncountable chat rooms where people get to speak openly of how they feel about their jobs, spouses and even lifestyles. The debate on gender equality, for example, saw many women and men express themselves. Both uncivil and polite responses were accepted in the forum. This made it easy to reach quick decisions by hosts. As Milner claims, Anonymity can empower those who seek consolation and justice to speak out .Victims of rape, for example, can talk about their ordeal without the fear of rejection or shame. On the other hand, anonymous people can intimidate other web users or even go as far as stalking them. Bias motivated stalking and sexual invasion of privacy are a major menace that come with anonymity. The two interfere with other peoples employment and general lifestyle. People get a chance to be heard on the web through Anonymity. Before the invention of the internet, only influential people were fortunate enough to be listened to. Anonymity also ensures the protection of Democracy and civilian rights. Discussing political matters without anonymity would not be possible. This is because politicians are very influential people and therefore common individuals would not risk confrontation by expressing their views. People get to know what other people think concerning particular issues. On the other hand, people can take advantage and misuse their freedom of expression to hurt and threaten others on the web, an act called trolling. Trolling can be offensive, disturbing and at times shocking. Anonymity on the web only gives web users enough freedom to express themselves. Anonymity does not give people freedom to torment others. It is a privilege that needs not be interfered with. As
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